Private Practice Perspectives

In this video, Dr. Nadeem Baig of Allied Digestive Health in West Long Branck, N.J., discusses why he chose private practice gastroenterology and how his organization works with industry to support its mission of providing the best care for patients. Dr. Baig shares his insights into what early career physicians should consider when working with industry throughout their careers.

He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video, Dr. Nadeem Baig of Allied Digestive Health in West Long Branck, N.J., discusses why he chose private practice gastroenterology and how his organization works with industry to support its mission of providing the best care for patients. Dr. Baig shares his insights into what early career physicians should consider when working with industry throughout their careers.

He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video, Dr. Nadeem Baig of Allied Digestive Health in West Long Branck, N.J., discusses why he chose private practice gastroenterology and how his organization works with industry to support its mission of providing the best care for patients. Dr. Baig shares his insights into what early career physicians should consider when working with industry throughout their careers.

He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video, Dr. David Ramsay of Digestive Health Specialists in Winston Salem, N.C., discusses the different career paths available to fellows and early-career physicians, and why he chose to become a private practice gastroenterologist. Dr. Ramsay shares his insights into different private practice models and what physicians should consider when beginning their careers, as well as what questions to ask when trying to determine if an organization will be a good fit for their future career plans. He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video, Dr. David Ramsay of Digestive Health Specialists in Winston Salem, N.C., discusses the different career paths available to fellows and early-career physicians, and why he chose to become a private practice gastroenterologist. Dr. Ramsay shares his insights into different private practice models and what physicians should consider when beginning their careers, as well as what questions to ask when trying to determine if an organization will be a good fit for their future career plans. He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video, Dr. David Ramsay of Digestive Health Specialists in Winston Salem, N.C., discusses the different career paths available to fellows and early-career physicians, and why he chose to become a private practice gastroenterologist. Dr. Ramsay shares his insights into different private practice models and what physicians should consider when beginning their careers, as well as what questions to ask when trying to determine if an organization will be a good fit for their future career plans. He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video Naresh Gunaratnam, MD, discusses the gastroenterology fellowship program that Huron Gastroenterology developed with Trinity Health in Ann Arbor, Mich. Dr. Gunaratnam helped create the program because he and his colleagues felt that traditional fellowship programs don’t always provide information or guidance about non-academic career pathways in gastroenterology. Hear from Dr. Gunaratnam how the fellowship program at Huron Gastroenterology is training fellows to become excellent clinicians who care for patients in the community setting. He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video Naresh Gunaratnam, MD, discusses the gastroenterology fellowship program that Huron Gastroenterology developed with Trinity Health in Ann Arbor, Mich. Dr. Gunaratnam helped create the program because he and his colleagues felt that traditional fellowship programs don’t always provide information or guidance about non-academic career pathways in gastroenterology. Hear from Dr. Gunaratnam how the fellowship program at Huron Gastroenterology is training fellows to become excellent clinicians who care for patients in the community setting. He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

In this video Naresh Gunaratnam, MD, discusses the gastroenterology fellowship program that Huron Gastroenterology developed with Trinity Health in Ann Arbor, Mich. Dr. Gunaratnam helped create the program because he and his colleagues felt that traditional fellowship programs don’t always provide information or guidance about non-academic career pathways in gastroenterology. Hear from Dr. Gunaratnam how the fellowship program at Huron Gastroenterology is training fellows to become excellent clinicians who care for patients in the community setting. He has no financial conflicts relative to the topics in this video.

Vidyard Video

It was my dream from an early age to become a physician. Even as a child I was fascinated by medical procedures and interventions. As I pursued my medical degree, I became increasingly interested in a career where I could integrate patient care and the latest innovations in technology.

Training in gastroenterology has provided me an exciting mix of patient care and procedures, with medical devices and technologies that are constantly evolving. As I began my career, I joined Dayton Gastroenterology, a private practice affiliated with GI fellowship at Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio, because the practice provided an opportunity to care for patients, train GI fellows, and provide employment opportunities to the community I serve.

After spending so many years to become an expert in medicine and then training in gastroenterology, it might have seemed daunting to go back to school to get an education in another field. But we all know the medical environment is constantly changing – in the last decade dramatically so, in technology as well as in how groups are organizing themselves in response to health care consolidation and other external forces. Developing expertise in both medicine and business can prepare physicians to be better advocates and leaders as health care continues to change.
 

The importance of understanding the business of health care

Consolidation in health care has increasingly impacted private practices, with more primary care and specialty physicians being employed by hospitals. In some areas of the country, this has affected the flow of patient referrals to independent GI practices, and these practices must now adapt to continue serving their communities. This is being amplified by the increasing demands for patient services coupled with staffing issues and reimbursement cuts.

These challenges have resulted in some smaller practices joining local hospitals systems. Others have come together to form larger groups or managed services organizations (MSO), and some have partnered with private equity firms to compete in response to these market forces.

During our training and education in medical school, we aren’t taught how to run a successful practice. We aren’t taught how to bring together different industry partners, collaborators, and payers or how to build patient-centric practice models. But sometimes the best method of learning is by doing, and my experiences during the merger of Dayton Gastroenterology with One GI, a physician-focused MSO with practices in six states, was invaluable.

That merger process taught me a lot about how companies are valued, the nuances in determining deal flow, networking, human capital, and everything else involved in how a transaction takes place. I developed a greater understanding about how to develop and build successful large practices, with improved employee satisfaction, company culture, and great patient experience.
 

Developing a positive practice culture

It was during the process of partnering with One GI and during the pandemic that I decided to pursue my desire to get a formal business education, and I’m glad I did. The executive MBA program at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University allowed me to gain an in-depth understanding of various aspects of business, finance, accounting, marketing, leadership, governance, organizational transformation, negotiations, and so much more, all while continuing to work full time as a gastroenterologist in private practice.

We met for classes in-person each month over the course of four days. There were also live and recorded virtual sessions in between each monthly class. The program was rigorous, but worth it. Connecting with leaders from different industries and learning from exceptional professors alongside these professionals was an invaluable experience.

Two of the most vital things I learned were the importance of team building and development of a company culture that will sustain an organization over the long term. I learned management strategies to empower employees, governance best practices, and how to align the interests of internal and external stakeholders.

Anyone can buy a practice, and anyone can merge their practice into a larger entity, but it is critical to understand the components of a successful integration. Culture eats strategy for breakfast. You can have the best minds, develop the best processes, but if there is not a strong culture with the alignment of physicians, staff, and practice management, even the best strategies can easily fail.

What to look for in joining a practice

As physicians, we all want to be the best at what we do. It’s important to be intentional about what you value and how you would like to shape your career. When considering which practice you might join, there are several things to consider, such as the location, medical needs of the community, and services offered by the practice. Equally important is understanding how the practice is managed.

Does the practice promote growth opportunities for its physicians and staff? Are there governance structures and processes in place to empower and retain talented staff? What values does the practice portray? Is there a buy-in or buy-out when becoming a partner in the practice, and are there equity opportunities? These are just some of many questions early-career physicians should ask.
 

My MBA helped me become a better leader

A physician understands the needs of delivering exceptional medical care, the challenges involved, and the resources required. Increasing the depth and breadth of our knowledge is power. Good people make good organizations, but great people make great organizations. Those of us who are on the front lines are the best advocates for our patients and other frontline workers. We can become powerful advocates and leaders when we better understand how business trends and other external forces affect our ability to care for the patients in the future.

Pursuing a business education provides a strong foundation for physician leaders who have strong analytical intuition and focus on patient-centric practice models. If you are considering a career in private practice and are interested in practice management or growing a practice, an MBA or similar educational programs will provide an understanding of finance, accounting, and other business-related fields that can enable physicians to become agile and empathic leaders.
 

Dr. Appalaneni is a practicing gastroenterologist at Dayton Gastroenterology in Ohio. She is Executive Vice President of Clinical Innovation at One GI, a physician-led managed services organization. Dr. Appalaneni has no conflicts to declare.

It was my dream from an early age to become a physician. Even as a child I was fascinated by medical procedures and interventions. As I pursued my medical degree, I became increasingly interested in a career where I could integrate patient care and the latest innovations in technology.

Training in gastroenterology has provided me an exciting mix of patient care and procedures, with medical devices and technologies that are constantly evolving. As I began my career, I joined Dayton Gastroenterology, a private practice affiliated with GI fellowship at Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio, because the practice provided an opportunity to care for patients, train GI fellows, and provide employment opportunities to the community I serve.

After spending so many years to become an expert in medicine and then training in gastroenterology, it might have seemed daunting to go back to school to get an education in another field. But we all know the medical environment is constantly changing – in the last decade dramatically so, in technology as well as in how groups are organizing themselves in response to health care consolidation and other external forces. Developing expertise in both medicine and business can prepare physicians to be better advocates and leaders as health care continues to change.
 

The importance of understanding the business of health care

Consolidation in health care has increasingly impacted private practices, with more primary care and specialty physicians being employed by hospitals. In some areas of the country, this has affected the flow of patient referrals to independent GI practices, and these practices must now adapt to continue serving their communities. This is being amplified by the increasing demands for patient services coupled with staffing issues and reimbursement cuts.

These challenges have resulted in some smaller practices joining local hospitals systems. Others have come together to form larger groups or managed services organizations (MSO), and some have partnered with private equity firms to compete in response to these market forces.

During our training and education in medical school, we aren’t taught how to run a successful practice. We aren’t taught how to bring together different industry partners, collaborators, and payers or how to build patient-centric practice models. But sometimes the best method of learning is by doing, and my experiences during the merger of Dayton Gastroenterology with One GI, a physician-focused MSO with practices in six states, was invaluable.

That merger process taught me a lot about how companies are valued, the nuances in determining deal flow, networking, human capital, and everything else involved in how a transaction takes place. I developed a greater understanding about how to develop and build successful large practices, with improved employee satisfaction, company culture, and great patient experience.
 

Developing a positive practice culture

It was during the process of partnering with One GI and during the pandemic that I decided to pursue my desire to get a formal business education, and I’m glad I did. The executive MBA program at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University allowed me to gain an in-depth understanding of various aspects of business, finance, accounting, marketing, leadership, governance, organizational transformation, negotiations, and so much more, all while continuing to work full time as a gastroenterologist in private practice.

We met for classes in-person each month over the course of four days. There were also live and recorded virtual sessions in between each monthly class. The program was rigorous, but worth it. Connecting with leaders from different industries and learning from exceptional professors alongside these professionals was an invaluable experience.

Two of the most vital things I learned were the importance of team building and development of a company culture that will sustain an organization over the long term. I learned management strategies to empower employees, governance best practices, and how to align the interests of internal and external stakeholders.

Anyone can buy a practice, and anyone can merge their practice into a larger entity, but it is critical to understand the components of a successful integration. Culture eats strategy for breakfast. You can have the best minds, develop the best processes, but if there is not a strong culture with the alignment of physicians, staff, and practice management, even the best strategies can easily fail.

What to look for in joining a practice

As physicians, we all want to be the best at what we do. It’s important to be intentional about what you value and how you would like to shape your career. When considering which practice you might join, there are several things to consider, such as the location, medical needs of the community, and services offered by the practice. Equally important is understanding how the practice is managed.

Does the practice promote growth opportunities for its physicians and staff? Are there governance structures and processes in place to empower and retain talented staff? What values does the practice portray? Is there a buy-in or buy-out when becoming a partner in the practice, and are there equity opportunities? These are just some of many questions early-career physicians should ask.
 

My MBA helped me become a better leader

A physician understands the needs of delivering exceptional medical care, the challenges involved, and the resources required. Increasing the depth and breadth of our knowledge is power. Good people make good organizations, but great people make great organizations. Those of us who are on the front lines are the best advocates for our patients and other frontline workers. We can become powerful advocates and leaders when we better understand how business trends and other external forces affect our ability to care for the patients in the future.

Pursuing a business education provides a strong foundation for physician leaders who have strong analytical intuition and focus on patient-centric practice models. If you are considering a career in private practice and are interested in practice management or growing a practice, an MBA or similar educational programs will provide an understanding of finance, accounting, and other business-related fields that can enable physicians to become agile and empathic leaders.
 

Dr. Appalaneni is a practicing gastroenterologist at Dayton Gastroenterology in Ohio. She is Executive Vice President of Clinical Innovation at One GI, a physician-led managed services organization. Dr. Appalaneni has no conflicts to declare.

It was my dream from an early age to become a physician. Even as a child I was fascinated by medical procedures and interventions. As I pursued my medical degree, I became increasingly interested in a career where I could integrate patient care and the latest innovations in technology.

Training in gastroenterology has provided me an exciting mix of patient care and procedures, with medical devices and technologies that are constantly evolving. As I began my career, I joined Dayton Gastroenterology, a private practice affiliated with GI fellowship at Wright State University, Fairborn, Ohio, because the practice provided an opportunity to care for patients, train GI fellows, and provide employment opportunities to the community I serve.

After spending so many years to become an expert in medicine and then training in gastroenterology, it might have seemed daunting to go back to school to get an education in another field. But we all know the medical environment is constantly changing – in the last decade dramatically so, in technology as well as in how groups are organizing themselves in response to health care consolidation and other external forces. Developing expertise in both medicine and business can prepare physicians to be better advocates and leaders as health care continues to change.
 

The importance of understanding the business of health care

Consolidation in health care has increasingly impacted private practices, with more primary care and specialty physicians being employed by hospitals. In some areas of the country, this has affected the flow of patient referrals to independent GI practices, and these practices must now adapt to continue serving their communities. This is being amplified by the increasing demands for patient services coupled with staffing issues and reimbursement cuts.

These challenges have resulted in some smaller practices joining local hospitals systems. Others have come together to form larger groups or managed services organizations (MSO), and some have partnered with private equity firms to compete in response to these market forces.

During our training and education in medical school, we aren’t taught how to run a successful practice. We aren’t taught how to bring together different industry partners, collaborators, and payers or how to build patient-centric practice models. But sometimes the best method of learning is by doing, and my experiences during the merger of Dayton Gastroenterology with One GI, a physician-focused MSO with practices in six states, was invaluable.

That merger process taught me a lot about how companies are valued, the nuances in determining deal flow, networking, human capital, and everything else involved in how a transaction takes place. I developed a greater understanding about how to develop and build successful large practices, with improved employee satisfaction, company culture, and great patient experience.
 

Developing a positive practice culture

It was during the process of partnering with One GI and during the pandemic that I decided to pursue my desire to get a formal business education, and I’m glad I did. The executive MBA program at the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University allowed me to gain an in-depth understanding of various aspects of business, finance, accounting, marketing, leadership, governance, organizational transformation, negotiations, and so much more, all while continuing to work full time as a gastroenterologist in private practice.

We met for classes in-person each month over the course of four days. There were also live and recorded virtual sessions in between each monthly class. The program was rigorous, but worth it. Connecting with leaders from different industries and learning from exceptional professors alongside these professionals was an invaluable experience.

Two of the most vital things I learned were the importance of team building and development of a company culture that will sustain an organization over the long term. I learned management strategies to empower employees, governance best practices, and how to align the interests of internal and external stakeholders.

Anyone can buy a practice, and anyone can merge their practice into a larger entity, but it is critical to understand the components of a successful integration. Culture eats strategy for breakfast. You can have the best minds, develop the best processes, but if there is not a strong culture with the alignment of physicians, staff, and practice management, even the best strategies can easily fail.

What to look for in joining a practice

As physicians, we all want to be the best at what we do. It’s important to be intentional about what you value and how you would like to shape your career. When considering which practice you might join, there are several things to consider, such as the location, medical needs of the community, and services offered by the practice. Equally important is understanding how the practice is managed.

Does the practice promote growth opportunities for its physicians and staff? Are there governance structures and processes in place to empower and retain talented staff? What values does the practice portray? Is there a buy-in or buy-out when becoming a partner in the practice, and are there equity opportunities? These are just some of many questions early-career physicians should ask.
 

My MBA helped me become a better leader

A physician understands the needs of delivering exceptional medical care, the challenges involved, and the resources required. Increasing the depth and breadth of our knowledge is power. Good people make good organizations, but great people make great organizations. Those of us who are on the front lines are the best advocates for our patients and other frontline workers. We can become powerful advocates and leaders when we better understand how business trends and other external forces affect our ability to care for the patients in the future.

Pursuing a business education provides a strong foundation for physician leaders who have strong analytical intuition and focus on patient-centric practice models. If you are considering a career in private practice and are interested in practice management or growing a practice, an MBA or similar educational programs will provide an understanding of finance, accounting, and other business-related fields that can enable physicians to become agile and empathic leaders.
 

Dr. Appalaneni is a practicing gastroenterologist at Dayton Gastroenterology in Ohio. She is Executive Vice President of Clinical Innovation at One GI, a physician-led managed services organization. Dr. Appalaneni has no conflicts to declare.

When I was in fellowship in the late 1990s, it was rare to see women at many of the big gastroenterology conferences. And in terms of presentations, there was maybe one session led by or for women at lunchtime. These conferences were the only events I had ever been to where the line for the men’s room was longer than the line for the women’s room.

Over the years, the lines for the women’s room have gotten longer, and the sessions led by female gastroenterologists have grown exponentially. However, women are still underrepresented in our field. Two out of five GI fellows are women, but women constitute less than 18% of practicing gastroenterologists. And the number of women in leadership positions is even lower.
 

Women in medicine face many challenges

According to a report in JAMA Network Open, women have lower starting salaries more than 90% of the time, which can create income disparities in earning potential throughout our entire careers.

Other studies suggest that female physicians also spend more time with patients and answering messages from patients and colleagues as well. This extra time, although it is done in small increments, adds up quickly and could suggest the pay gap between women and men is wider than we think.

Of course, female physicians still spend more time parenting children and doing household labor. A study found that female physicians spent 8.5 hours more per week on activities that support the family and household.

We’ve been discussing equity for women in medicine, and in the workplace, for decades. But events over the past several years – such as the killing of George Floyd and the formation of the #MeToo movement in response to workplace sexual harassment – have accelerated a paradigm shift in how organizations are focusing on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and creating cultures that support leadership development for women.

The Gastro Health Women’s Network

In 2020, the leadership of Gastro Health reiterated its commitment to fight discrimination and support equity by sending out a company-wide correspondence that encouraged us to be good stewards within our communities during these turbulent times.

This led to the development of the Gastro Health DEI Council and the Gastro Health Women’s Network, led by Dr. Asma Khapra and based on the framework developed by Dr. Dawn Sears. The programs developed by Dr. Sears are focused on facilitating authentic and supportive relationships, and they helped us create a network for women focused on recruitment, mentorship and retention, networking and social events, and leadership development.

Our network started with a meet & greet, inviting all women in Gastro Health to join a virtual call and get to know each other in an informal setting. This was a great way to introduce people to each other in our natural elements. It was wonderful to see how people are when they are at home and not working.
 

Recruiting female gastroenterologists

Even though about half of gastroenterology fellows choose independent GI, most fellowship programs don’t educate students about private practice careers or promote that path. In addition, a lot of the national GI conferences are geared toward the academic experience.

It’s incumbent on those of us in private practice to educate students about the benefits and challenges we face as members of independent GI groups, and Gastro Health set out to hold networking and recruitment events at different national conferences with GI fellows and residents.

We’re also working to develop partnerships with fellowship programs. This past year, we’ve held several educational dinners for fellows and residents. Most recently, Dr. Khapra and others took a road trip to New York for dinners with fellows from Mount Sinai, Westchester Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

While it was beneficial for Gastro Health to provide information about life as private practice gastroenterologists, it was also helpful for us to hear how the GI leaders of tomorrow are navigating their career choices and what is impacting their decisions about the future.
 

Mentorship and retention are vital to practice sustainability

Once you’ve recruited physicians to join your practice, how do you ensure their success? Many practices are rightly concerned about their long-term sustainability and are exploring ways to help early-career physicians maintain the clinical skills they need to treat patients and learn the business skills they need to succeed in private practice.

Sometimes it’s as simple as reaching out to new associates on the first day to let them know you’re glad they’ve joined the practice and to let them know you’re available if they need anything. But there’s also growing recognition that implementing a formal mentorship program can help people feel included and supported.

The Women’s Network worked to pair its members with Gastro Health partners as mentors, and we’ve learned some things along the way. Initially, we tried to pair people with similar lifestyles and interests. What we found is that while this sometimes works, we may have overcomplicated the process. We learned that sometimes people would prefer mentors who have backgrounds that are different from their own. We were reminded that mentorship has many faces, and letting those relationships develop naturally can sometimes be more effective.
 

Networking and social events deter isolation and keep people engaged

Private practice can be different from working within a hospital because oftentimes your colleagues are working in different offices or facilities. In the case of our organization, those offices may be in different states hundreds of miles away. Within a hospital, there might be more potential to interact with your colleagues, whether in clinical conferences or through a chance encounter in the cafeteria.

In private practice, you may need to be more intentional about creating opportunities for people to network and get to know each other outside of work. This year, we developed an email and WhatsApp group so that women throughout the network can connect with each other. We have used it to disseminate information about upcoming events, fellowship opportunities with the national GI societies, interesting articles, and anything important that we think other women within Gastro Health would like to know.

In March, Gastro Health sponsored five women to attend the Scrubs & Heels Summit, which was developed by Dr. Anita Afzali and Dr. Aline Charabaty to create opportunities for women in GI at different stages of their GI careers and help them succeed and achieve their professional goals. There were 2 days of educational talks, but it also included plenty of events for our colleagues to get to know each other and network with other amazing female GI leaders from across the nation.


 

Where’s the boardroom?

A recent study found that the percentage of women on the boards of the 1,000 largest public companies in America is a little more than 28%, even though research shows that S&P 500 companies headquartered in California with 30% or more women on their boards had 29% higher revenue.

We’re working to develop opportunities for women to be in leadership positions, within our practices and on the national stage in terms of representation, within our national GI societies. It’s very exciting that we have women in leadership within AGA and ASGE, and that Dr. Latha Alaparthi has made increasing the focus on leadership and pipeline development one of her main priorities as the president and board chair of the Digestive Health Physicians Association (DHPA).

Another way private practices can support women who are leaders is by making recommendations for committees within our national societies and by recognizing that time spent developing presentations and speaking at national conferences is beneficial to the practice in terms of thought leadership, branding, and recruitment of the next generation of practice leaders.

While we have a long way to go, we’re also making strides in the board room at the practice level. I’m the first woman, and notably a woman of color, to join the Gastro Health board of directors under the guidance of support of CEO Joseph Garcia. Dr. Aja McCutchen, who serves as the chair of the DHPA Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion committee, is similarly the first woman and woman of color on the board of directors for United Digestive in Atlanta.


 

What to look for in joining a practice

When determining which practice you might join, ask how committed the leadership of the organization is to supporting career development for women. Does the practice have a network, a committee or other internal group that supports female physicians? What steps does the practice leadership take to support women who are interested in executive opportunities?

If the practice does have an internal organization, how does it measure progress? For example, we’ve implemented focus groups to measure what is working and where we face the most challenges. Gastro Health partnered with a consultant to hold three confidential sessions with 10 women at a time. This will allow for us to collect depersonalized data that can be compiled into a report for the Gastro Health Board and leadership.

If you’re a woman who is considering a career in independent GI, seek out women in private practice and ask about their experiences. Ask about their path and what opportunities they sought out when starting their careers. They may know of some great opportunities that are available to build your leadership skills.

By creating a network for women, Gastro Health is hoping to make it easier to develop relationships and create productive partnerships. We are certain that working to address the specific challenges that female physicians face in their careers will strengthen our group, and ultimately independent gastroenterology overall.

Dr. Adams is a practicing gastroenterologist and partner at Gastro Health Fairfax in Virginia and serves on the Digestive Health Physicians Association’s Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee. Dr. Adams has no conflicts to declare.

When I was in fellowship in the late 1990s, it was rare to see women at many of the big gastroenterology conferences. And in terms of presentations, there was maybe one session led by or for women at lunchtime. These conferences were the only events I had ever been to where the line for the men’s room was longer than the line for the women’s room.

Over the years, the lines for the women’s room have gotten longer, and the sessions led by female gastroenterologists have grown exponentially. However, women are still underrepresented in our field. Two out of five GI fellows are women, but women constitute less than 18% of practicing gastroenterologists. And the number of women in leadership positions is even lower.
 

Women in medicine face many challenges

According to a report in JAMA Network Open, women have lower starting salaries more than 90% of the time, which can create income disparities in earning potential throughout our entire careers.

Other studies suggest that female physicians also spend more time with patients and answering messages from patients and colleagues as well. This extra time, although it is done in small increments, adds up quickly and could suggest the pay gap between women and men is wider than we think.

Of course, female physicians still spend more time parenting children and doing household labor. A study found that female physicians spent 8.5 hours more per week on activities that support the family and household.

We’ve been discussing equity for women in medicine, and in the workplace, for decades. But events over the past several years – such as the killing of George Floyd and the formation of the #MeToo movement in response to workplace sexual harassment – have accelerated a paradigm shift in how organizations are focusing on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and creating cultures that support leadership development for women.

The Gastro Health Women’s Network

In 2020, the leadership of Gastro Health reiterated its commitment to fight discrimination and support equity by sending out a company-wide correspondence that encouraged us to be good stewards within our communities during these turbulent times.

This led to the development of the Gastro Health DEI Council and the Gastro Health Women’s Network, led by Dr. Asma Khapra and based on the framework developed by Dr. Dawn Sears. The programs developed by Dr. Sears are focused on facilitating authentic and supportive relationships, and they helped us create a network for women focused on recruitment, mentorship and retention, networking and social events, and leadership development.

Our network started with a meet & greet, inviting all women in Gastro Health to join a virtual call and get to know each other in an informal setting. This was a great way to introduce people to each other in our natural elements. It was wonderful to see how people are when they are at home and not working.
 

Recruiting female gastroenterologists

Even though about half of gastroenterology fellows choose independent GI, most fellowship programs don’t educate students about private practice careers or promote that path. In addition, a lot of the national GI conferences are geared toward the academic experience.

It’s incumbent on those of us in private practice to educate students about the benefits and challenges we face as members of independent GI groups, and Gastro Health set out to hold networking and recruitment events at different national conferences with GI fellows and residents.

We’re also working to develop partnerships with fellowship programs. This past year, we’ve held several educational dinners for fellows and residents. Most recently, Dr. Khapra and others took a road trip to New York for dinners with fellows from Mount Sinai, Westchester Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

While it was beneficial for Gastro Health to provide information about life as private practice gastroenterologists, it was also helpful for us to hear how the GI leaders of tomorrow are navigating their career choices and what is impacting their decisions about the future.
 

Mentorship and retention are vital to practice sustainability

Once you’ve recruited physicians to join your practice, how do you ensure their success? Many practices are rightly concerned about their long-term sustainability and are exploring ways to help early-career physicians maintain the clinical skills they need to treat patients and learn the business skills they need to succeed in private practice.

Sometimes it’s as simple as reaching out to new associates on the first day to let them know you’re glad they’ve joined the practice and to let them know you’re available if they need anything. But there’s also growing recognition that implementing a formal mentorship program can help people feel included and supported.

The Women’s Network worked to pair its members with Gastro Health partners as mentors, and we’ve learned some things along the way. Initially, we tried to pair people with similar lifestyles and interests. What we found is that while this sometimes works, we may have overcomplicated the process. We learned that sometimes people would prefer mentors who have backgrounds that are different from their own. We were reminded that mentorship has many faces, and letting those relationships develop naturally can sometimes be more effective.
 

Networking and social events deter isolation and keep people engaged

Private practice can be different from working within a hospital because oftentimes your colleagues are working in different offices or facilities. In the case of our organization, those offices may be in different states hundreds of miles away. Within a hospital, there might be more potential to interact with your colleagues, whether in clinical conferences or through a chance encounter in the cafeteria.

In private practice, you may need to be more intentional about creating opportunities for people to network and get to know each other outside of work. This year, we developed an email and WhatsApp group so that women throughout the network can connect with each other. We have used it to disseminate information about upcoming events, fellowship opportunities with the national GI societies, interesting articles, and anything important that we think other women within Gastro Health would like to know.

In March, Gastro Health sponsored five women to attend the Scrubs & Heels Summit, which was developed by Dr. Anita Afzali and Dr. Aline Charabaty to create opportunities for women in GI at different stages of their GI careers and help them succeed and achieve their professional goals. There were 2 days of educational talks, but it also included plenty of events for our colleagues to get to know each other and network with other amazing female GI leaders from across the nation.


 

Where’s the boardroom?

A recent study found that the percentage of women on the boards of the 1,000 largest public companies in America is a little more than 28%, even though research shows that S&P 500 companies headquartered in California with 30% or more women on their boards had 29% higher revenue.

We’re working to develop opportunities for women to be in leadership positions, within our practices and on the national stage in terms of representation, within our national GI societies. It’s very exciting that we have women in leadership within AGA and ASGE, and that Dr. Latha Alaparthi has made increasing the focus on leadership and pipeline development one of her main priorities as the president and board chair of the Digestive Health Physicians Association (DHPA).

Another way private practices can support women who are leaders is by making recommendations for committees within our national societies and by recognizing that time spent developing presentations and speaking at national conferences is beneficial to the practice in terms of thought leadership, branding, and recruitment of the next generation of practice leaders.

While we have a long way to go, we’re also making strides in the board room at the practice level. I’m the first woman, and notably a woman of color, to join the Gastro Health board of directors under the guidance of support of CEO Joseph Garcia. Dr. Aja McCutchen, who serves as the chair of the DHPA Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion committee, is similarly the first woman and woman of color on the board of directors for United Digestive in Atlanta.


 

What to look for in joining a practice

When determining which practice you might join, ask how committed the leadership of the organization is to supporting career development for women. Does the practice have a network, a committee or other internal group that supports female physicians? What steps does the practice leadership take to support women who are interested in executive opportunities?

If the practice does have an internal organization, how does it measure progress? For example, we’ve implemented focus groups to measure what is working and where we face the most challenges. Gastro Health partnered with a consultant to hold three confidential sessions with 10 women at a time. This will allow for us to collect depersonalized data that can be compiled into a report for the Gastro Health Board and leadership.

If you’re a woman who is considering a career in independent GI, seek out women in private practice and ask about their experiences. Ask about their path and what opportunities they sought out when starting their careers. They may know of some great opportunities that are available to build your leadership skills.

By creating a network for women, Gastro Health is hoping to make it easier to develop relationships and create productive partnerships. We are certain that working to address the specific challenges that female physicians face in their careers will strengthen our group, and ultimately independent gastroenterology overall.

Dr. Adams is a practicing gastroenterologist and partner at Gastro Health Fairfax in Virginia and serves on the Digestive Health Physicians Association’s Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee. Dr. Adams has no conflicts to declare.

When I was in fellowship in the late 1990s, it was rare to see women at many of the big gastroenterology conferences. And in terms of presentations, there was maybe one session led by or for women at lunchtime. These conferences were the only events I had ever been to where the line for the men’s room was longer than the line for the women’s room.

Over the years, the lines for the women’s room have gotten longer, and the sessions led by female gastroenterologists have grown exponentially. However, women are still underrepresented in our field. Two out of five GI fellows are women, but women constitute less than 18% of practicing gastroenterologists. And the number of women in leadership positions is even lower.
 

Women in medicine face many challenges

According to a report in JAMA Network Open, women have lower starting salaries more than 90% of the time, which can create income disparities in earning potential throughout our entire careers.

Other studies suggest that female physicians also spend more time with patients and answering messages from patients and colleagues as well. This extra time, although it is done in small increments, adds up quickly and could suggest the pay gap between women and men is wider than we think.

Of course, female physicians still spend more time parenting children and doing household labor. A study found that female physicians spent 8.5 hours more per week on activities that support the family and household.

We’ve been discussing equity for women in medicine, and in the workplace, for decades. But events over the past several years – such as the killing of George Floyd and the formation of the #MeToo movement in response to workplace sexual harassment – have accelerated a paradigm shift in how organizations are focusing on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and creating cultures that support leadership development for women.

The Gastro Health Women’s Network

In 2020, the leadership of Gastro Health reiterated its commitment to fight discrimination and support equity by sending out a company-wide correspondence that encouraged us to be good stewards within our communities during these turbulent times.

This led to the development of the Gastro Health DEI Council and the Gastro Health Women’s Network, led by Dr. Asma Khapra and based on the framework developed by Dr. Dawn Sears. The programs developed by Dr. Sears are focused on facilitating authentic and supportive relationships, and they helped us create a network for women focused on recruitment, mentorship and retention, networking and social events, and leadership development.

Our network started with a meet & greet, inviting all women in Gastro Health to join a virtual call and get to know each other in an informal setting. This was a great way to introduce people to each other in our natural elements. It was wonderful to see how people are when they are at home and not working.
 

Recruiting female gastroenterologists

Even though about half of gastroenterology fellows choose independent GI, most fellowship programs don’t educate students about private practice careers or promote that path. In addition, a lot of the national GI conferences are geared toward the academic experience.

It’s incumbent on those of us in private practice to educate students about the benefits and challenges we face as members of independent GI groups, and Gastro Health set out to hold networking and recruitment events at different national conferences with GI fellows and residents.

We’re also working to develop partnerships with fellowship programs. This past year, we’ve held several educational dinners for fellows and residents. Most recently, Dr. Khapra and others took a road trip to New York for dinners with fellows from Mount Sinai, Westchester Medical Center, and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

While it was beneficial for Gastro Health to provide information about life as private practice gastroenterologists, it was also helpful for us to hear how the GI leaders of tomorrow are navigating their career choices and what is impacting their decisions about the future.
 

Mentorship and retention are vital to practice sustainability

Once you’ve recruited physicians to join your practice, how do you ensure their success? Many practices are rightly concerned about their long-term sustainability and are exploring ways to help early-career physicians maintain the clinical skills they need to treat patients and learn the business skills they need to succeed in private practice.

Sometimes it’s as simple as reaching out to new associates on the first day to let them know you’re glad they’ve joined the practice and to let them know you’re available if they need anything. But there’s also growing recognition that implementing a formal mentorship program can help people feel included and supported.

The Women’s Network worked to pair its members with Gastro Health partners as mentors, and we’ve learned some things along the way. Initially, we tried to pair people with similar lifestyles and interests. What we found is that while this sometimes works, we may have overcomplicated the process. We learned that sometimes people would prefer mentors who have backgrounds that are different from their own. We were reminded that mentorship has many faces, and letting those relationships develop naturally can sometimes be more effective.
 

Networking and social events deter isolation and keep people engaged

Private practice can be different from working within a hospital because oftentimes your colleagues are working in different offices or facilities. In the case of our organization, those offices may be in different states hundreds of miles away. Within a hospital, there might be more potential to interact with your colleagues, whether in clinical conferences or through a chance encounter in the cafeteria.

In private practice, you may need to be more intentional about creating opportunities for people to network and get to know each other outside of work. This year, we developed an email and WhatsApp group so that women throughout the network can connect with each other. We have used it to disseminate information about upcoming events, fellowship opportunities with the national GI societies, interesting articles, and anything important that we think other women within Gastro Health would like to know.

In March, Gastro Health sponsored five women to attend the Scrubs & Heels Summit, which was developed by Dr. Anita Afzali and Dr. Aline Charabaty to create opportunities for women in GI at different stages of their GI careers and help them succeed and achieve their professional goals. There were 2 days of educational talks, but it also included plenty of events for our colleagues to get to know each other and network with other amazing female GI leaders from across the nation.


 

Where’s the boardroom?

A recent study found that the percentage of women on the boards of the 1,000 largest public companies in America is a little more than 28%, even though research shows that S&P 500 companies headquartered in California with 30% or more women on their boards had 29% higher revenue.

We’re working to develop opportunities for women to be in leadership positions, within our practices and on the national stage in terms of representation, within our national GI societies. It’s very exciting that we have women in leadership within AGA and ASGE, and that Dr. Latha Alaparthi has made increasing the focus on leadership and pipeline development one of her main priorities as the president and board chair of the Digestive Health Physicians Association (DHPA).

Another way private practices can support women who are leaders is by making recommendations for committees within our national societies and by recognizing that time spent developing presentations and speaking at national conferences is beneficial to the practice in terms of thought leadership, branding, and recruitment of the next generation of practice leaders.

While we have a long way to go, we’re also making strides in the board room at the practice level. I’m the first woman, and notably a woman of color, to join the Gastro Health board of directors under the guidance of support of CEO Joseph Garcia. Dr. Aja McCutchen, who serves as the chair of the DHPA Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion committee, is similarly the first woman and woman of color on the board of directors for United Digestive in Atlanta.


 

What to look for in joining a practice

When determining which practice you might join, ask how committed the leadership of the organization is to supporting career development for women. Does the practice have a network, a committee or other internal group that supports female physicians? What steps does the practice leadership take to support women who are interested in executive opportunities?

If the practice does have an internal organization, how does it measure progress? For example, we’ve implemented focus groups to measure what is working and where we face the most challenges. Gastro Health partnered with a consultant to hold three confidential sessions with 10 women at a time. This will allow for us to collect depersonalized data that can be compiled into a report for the Gastro Health Board and leadership.

If you’re a woman who is considering a career in independent GI, seek out women in private practice and ask about their experiences. Ask about their path and what opportunities they sought out when starting their careers. They may know of some great opportunities that are available to build your leadership skills.

By creating a network for women, Gastro Health is hoping to make it easier to develop relationships and create productive partnerships. We are certain that working to address the specific challenges that female physicians face in their careers will strengthen our group, and ultimately independent gastroenterology overall.

Dr. Adams is a practicing gastroenterologist and partner at Gastro Health Fairfax in Virginia and serves on the Digestive Health Physicians Association’s Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee. Dr. Adams has no conflicts to declare.

Most GI physicians will tell you that we didn’t get where we are without help along the way. Each of us can point to one – or in most cases, several – specific mentors who provided invaluable guidance when we were in medical school, fellowship, and starting our careers. This is true for gastroenterologists across the spectrum, whether they chose careers in private practice, academic medicine, or within a hospital system.

The leadership at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, where I practice, has always recognized the importance of mentorship and its role in developing fulfilling careers for its physicians and a healthy practice culture in which people feel valued and supported. But only recently have we begun to create a formalized program to ensure that everyone has access to mentors.

When I started my career, formalized programs for mentorship did not exist. While I reached out to various doctors in my office and the senior partners throughout the practice, not everyone is comfortable proactively reaching out to ask practice leadership for help and guidance. And as independent GI practices continue to get bigger, there may not be as many opportunities to interact with senior leadership or executives, which means new associates could be left to “cold call” potential mentors by phone or email.
 

New associates face many challenges

When I was an associate, the path to partnership looked much different than it does in our practice now, and it definitely varies from practice to practice. In our practice, physicians remain associates for 2-3 years before they have the option to become a partner. As they work diligently to provide the best care to patients, new associates face many challenges, like learning how to build a practice and interact with referring physicians, understanding the process to become a partner, and figuring out how to juggle other commitments, such as the balance between work and home life.

Then there are things like buying a home, getting life and disability insurance, and understanding the financial planning aspects of being a business owner. For those whose group model requires buying into the practice to become a partner, medical school doesn’t teach you how to analyze the return on an investment. Providing access to people who have this experience through a mentorship program can help associates be more prepared to become partners, and hopefully be happier and more successful while doing so.

Formalizing a mentorship program

The mentorship program at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates matches new physicians with a partner-level mentor with whom they are encouraged to meet monthly. We’ve even provided a budget so that mentees and mentors can meet for dinner or coffee and get to know each other better.

The program starts with a meeting of volunteer partners and associates, who then rank their preferred choices for potential mentors. This helps to ensure that the associates are able get to know the mentors a little bit and decide who might be the best fit for their needs. This is also important for new associates who don’t feel comfortable proactively searching for a mentor as they’re able to provide a list of partners they think would be the best match for them.

Each associate is then assigned a partner-level mentor who is responsible for guiding them and providing education around not only clinical care, but also business, marketing, health policy, and all the other critical components of running a successful private practice. Our program specifically pairs mentors and mentees who do not work in the same location. We wanted the mentors to be paired with associates they are not interacting with daily, to ensure our associates get exposed to different perspectives.

As a group, program participants get together every quarter – twice a year in person, and twice virtually. One of the in-person meetings brings together the mentors and mentees with C-suite executives to meet and network with the practice leadership. We organized the program this way because otherwise, most associates wouldn’t get many opportunities to interact with the CEO, chief medical officer, or chief operating officer in any capacity, let alone in a small gathering where they can engage on a personal level.

The second in-person meeting is a dinner with the mentors and mentees, along with their significant others. We understand that all our physicians have responsibilities outside of work, and bringing families together helps provide new associates with a network of support for questions that aren’t work-related. For associates who are not from Atlanta, this can be especially helpful in figuring out housing, schools, and other aspects of work/life balance.

The other two virtual meetings include the C-suite executives and our physician executive board. We develop specific agenda topics related to a career in private practice and provide a forum for the associates to ask practice leadership questions about challenges they may face on their path to becoming a partner.

At the end of each year, we survey the current program participants to see what was successful and what can be improved for the next cohort of incoming associates. So far, the feedback we’ve received from the mentors and mentees has been overwhelmingly positive.
 

Mentorship benefits the entire practice

As groups continue to grow, more practices may begin to formalize their mentorship programs, particularly those who see the merit they provide in helping recruit and retain valuable associates. To supplement our internal mentorship program, we’ve also started reaching out to local fellowship programs to provide resources to fellows who are considering private practice.

Even though about half of gastroenterology fellows choose independent GI, many aren’t educated about what it means to choose a career in private practice. Our outreach to provide information at the fellowship level is aimed at giving early career physicians an opportunity to know the benefits and challenges associated with private practice. Furthermore, we strive to educate fellows about the resources that are available to guide them through not only joining a group, but also having a successful career.

Leaders of independent GI groups need physicians who want the practice to succeed. Medical school trains physicians to take care of patients but falls short on training physicians to run a business. And building good, strong businesses makes sure that the next generation of leaders are prepared to take over.

Supporting the next generation of practice leaders helps current leadership make changes that will ensure practice sustainability. Often, associates are at the forefront of new technologies, both in terms of patient care, and in terms of practice management, communications, marketing, and advertising. As times change, having associates who are engaged and excited will help any practice be positioned positively for whatever the future holds.
 

What to look for in joining a practice

Ideally, people should start looking for mentors when they’re looking for a residency program. Joining a practice isn’t much different. If you’re an early career physician who is considering private practice, find an independent GI physician who can tell you about their experiences. And when you’re interviewing with practices, be sure to ask questions about how the group approaches mentorship. If a practice doesn’t have a formal mentorship program, it doesn’t mean it’s an environment where mentorship relationships won’t flourish. In many practices, informal mentorship programs are very successful.

Ask questions about how the practice provides or supports mentorship. Does the practice leadership make themselves available as mentors? Does the practice expect new physicians to find and nurture mentorship relations on their own? Ask about the path to becoming a partner and who is available to discuss challenges, concerns, or any questions that arise.

Independent GI practices are partnerships that seek to provide high-quality care at a lower cost to our community. Strengthening and sustaining that partnership requires us to take the time and continuously invest in the future of new physicians who will go on to serve our community as partner physicians retire. By formalizing a mentorship program, we’re hoping to make it easier for our mentors and mentees to create productive partnerships that will strengthen our group, and ultimately independent gastroenterology overall.

Dr. Sonenshine is a practicing gastroenterologist at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, and a partner in United Digestive. He previously served as the chair of communications as a member of the Executive Committee of the Digestive Health Physicians Association. Dr. Sonenshine has no conflicts to declare.

Most GI physicians will tell you that we didn’t get where we are without help along the way. Each of us can point to one – or in most cases, several – specific mentors who provided invaluable guidance when we were in medical school, fellowship, and starting our careers. This is true for gastroenterologists across the spectrum, whether they chose careers in private practice, academic medicine, or within a hospital system.

The leadership at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, where I practice, has always recognized the importance of mentorship and its role in developing fulfilling careers for its physicians and a healthy practice culture in which people feel valued and supported. But only recently have we begun to create a formalized program to ensure that everyone has access to mentors.

When I started my career, formalized programs for mentorship did not exist. While I reached out to various doctors in my office and the senior partners throughout the practice, not everyone is comfortable proactively reaching out to ask practice leadership for help and guidance. And as independent GI practices continue to get bigger, there may not be as many opportunities to interact with senior leadership or executives, which means new associates could be left to “cold call” potential mentors by phone or email.
 

New associates face many challenges

When I was an associate, the path to partnership looked much different than it does in our practice now, and it definitely varies from practice to practice. In our practice, physicians remain associates for 2-3 years before they have the option to become a partner. As they work diligently to provide the best care to patients, new associates face many challenges, like learning how to build a practice and interact with referring physicians, understanding the process to become a partner, and figuring out how to juggle other commitments, such as the balance between work and home life.

Then there are things like buying a home, getting life and disability insurance, and understanding the financial planning aspects of being a business owner. For those whose group model requires buying into the practice to become a partner, medical school doesn’t teach you how to analyze the return on an investment. Providing access to people who have this experience through a mentorship program can help associates be more prepared to become partners, and hopefully be happier and more successful while doing so.

Formalizing a mentorship program

The mentorship program at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates matches new physicians with a partner-level mentor with whom they are encouraged to meet monthly. We’ve even provided a budget so that mentees and mentors can meet for dinner or coffee and get to know each other better.

The program starts with a meeting of volunteer partners and associates, who then rank their preferred choices for potential mentors. This helps to ensure that the associates are able get to know the mentors a little bit and decide who might be the best fit for their needs. This is also important for new associates who don’t feel comfortable proactively searching for a mentor as they’re able to provide a list of partners they think would be the best match for them.

Each associate is then assigned a partner-level mentor who is responsible for guiding them and providing education around not only clinical care, but also business, marketing, health policy, and all the other critical components of running a successful private practice. Our program specifically pairs mentors and mentees who do not work in the same location. We wanted the mentors to be paired with associates they are not interacting with daily, to ensure our associates get exposed to different perspectives.

As a group, program participants get together every quarter – twice a year in person, and twice virtually. One of the in-person meetings brings together the mentors and mentees with C-suite executives to meet and network with the practice leadership. We organized the program this way because otherwise, most associates wouldn’t get many opportunities to interact with the CEO, chief medical officer, or chief operating officer in any capacity, let alone in a small gathering where they can engage on a personal level.

The second in-person meeting is a dinner with the mentors and mentees, along with their significant others. We understand that all our physicians have responsibilities outside of work, and bringing families together helps provide new associates with a network of support for questions that aren’t work-related. For associates who are not from Atlanta, this can be especially helpful in figuring out housing, schools, and other aspects of work/life balance.

The other two virtual meetings include the C-suite executives and our physician executive board. We develop specific agenda topics related to a career in private practice and provide a forum for the associates to ask practice leadership questions about challenges they may face on their path to becoming a partner.

At the end of each year, we survey the current program participants to see what was successful and what can be improved for the next cohort of incoming associates. So far, the feedback we’ve received from the mentors and mentees has been overwhelmingly positive.
 

Mentorship benefits the entire practice

As groups continue to grow, more practices may begin to formalize their mentorship programs, particularly those who see the merit they provide in helping recruit and retain valuable associates. To supplement our internal mentorship program, we’ve also started reaching out to local fellowship programs to provide resources to fellows who are considering private practice.

Even though about half of gastroenterology fellows choose independent GI, many aren’t educated about what it means to choose a career in private practice. Our outreach to provide information at the fellowship level is aimed at giving early career physicians an opportunity to know the benefits and challenges associated with private practice. Furthermore, we strive to educate fellows about the resources that are available to guide them through not only joining a group, but also having a successful career.

Leaders of independent GI groups need physicians who want the practice to succeed. Medical school trains physicians to take care of patients but falls short on training physicians to run a business. And building good, strong businesses makes sure that the next generation of leaders are prepared to take over.

Supporting the next generation of practice leaders helps current leadership make changes that will ensure practice sustainability. Often, associates are at the forefront of new technologies, both in terms of patient care, and in terms of practice management, communications, marketing, and advertising. As times change, having associates who are engaged and excited will help any practice be positioned positively for whatever the future holds.
 

What to look for in joining a practice

Ideally, people should start looking for mentors when they’re looking for a residency program. Joining a practice isn’t much different. If you’re an early career physician who is considering private practice, find an independent GI physician who can tell you about their experiences. And when you’re interviewing with practices, be sure to ask questions about how the group approaches mentorship. If a practice doesn’t have a formal mentorship program, it doesn’t mean it’s an environment where mentorship relationships won’t flourish. In many practices, informal mentorship programs are very successful.

Ask questions about how the practice provides or supports mentorship. Does the practice leadership make themselves available as mentors? Does the practice expect new physicians to find and nurture mentorship relations on their own? Ask about the path to becoming a partner and who is available to discuss challenges, concerns, or any questions that arise.

Independent GI practices are partnerships that seek to provide high-quality care at a lower cost to our community. Strengthening and sustaining that partnership requires us to take the time and continuously invest in the future of new physicians who will go on to serve our community as partner physicians retire. By formalizing a mentorship program, we’re hoping to make it easier for our mentors and mentees to create productive partnerships that will strengthen our group, and ultimately independent gastroenterology overall.

Dr. Sonenshine is a practicing gastroenterologist at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, and a partner in United Digestive. He previously served as the chair of communications as a member of the Executive Committee of the Digestive Health Physicians Association. Dr. Sonenshine has no conflicts to declare.

Most GI physicians will tell you that we didn’t get where we are without help along the way. Each of us can point to one – or in most cases, several – specific mentors who provided invaluable guidance when we were in medical school, fellowship, and starting our careers. This is true for gastroenterologists across the spectrum, whether they chose careers in private practice, academic medicine, or within a hospital system.

The leadership at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, where I practice, has always recognized the importance of mentorship and its role in developing fulfilling careers for its physicians and a healthy practice culture in which people feel valued and supported. But only recently have we begun to create a formalized program to ensure that everyone has access to mentors.

When I started my career, formalized programs for mentorship did not exist. While I reached out to various doctors in my office and the senior partners throughout the practice, not everyone is comfortable proactively reaching out to ask practice leadership for help and guidance. And as independent GI practices continue to get bigger, there may not be as many opportunities to interact with senior leadership or executives, which means new associates could be left to “cold call” potential mentors by phone or email.
 

New associates face many challenges

When I was an associate, the path to partnership looked much different than it does in our practice now, and it definitely varies from practice to practice. In our practice, physicians remain associates for 2-3 years before they have the option to become a partner. As they work diligently to provide the best care to patients, new associates face many challenges, like learning how to build a practice and interact with referring physicians, understanding the process to become a partner, and figuring out how to juggle other commitments, such as the balance between work and home life.

Then there are things like buying a home, getting life and disability insurance, and understanding the financial planning aspects of being a business owner. For those whose group model requires buying into the practice to become a partner, medical school doesn’t teach you how to analyze the return on an investment. Providing access to people who have this experience through a mentorship program can help associates be more prepared to become partners, and hopefully be happier and more successful while doing so.

Formalizing a mentorship program

The mentorship program at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates matches new physicians with a partner-level mentor with whom they are encouraged to meet monthly. We’ve even provided a budget so that mentees and mentors can meet for dinner or coffee and get to know each other better.

The program starts with a meeting of volunteer partners and associates, who then rank their preferred choices for potential mentors. This helps to ensure that the associates are able get to know the mentors a little bit and decide who might be the best fit for their needs. This is also important for new associates who don’t feel comfortable proactively searching for a mentor as they’re able to provide a list of partners they think would be the best match for them.

Each associate is then assigned a partner-level mentor who is responsible for guiding them and providing education around not only clinical care, but also business, marketing, health policy, and all the other critical components of running a successful private practice. Our program specifically pairs mentors and mentees who do not work in the same location. We wanted the mentors to be paired with associates they are not interacting with daily, to ensure our associates get exposed to different perspectives.

As a group, program participants get together every quarter – twice a year in person, and twice virtually. One of the in-person meetings brings together the mentors and mentees with C-suite executives to meet and network with the practice leadership. We organized the program this way because otherwise, most associates wouldn’t get many opportunities to interact with the CEO, chief medical officer, or chief operating officer in any capacity, let alone in a small gathering where they can engage on a personal level.

The second in-person meeting is a dinner with the mentors and mentees, along with their significant others. We understand that all our physicians have responsibilities outside of work, and bringing families together helps provide new associates with a network of support for questions that aren’t work-related. For associates who are not from Atlanta, this can be especially helpful in figuring out housing, schools, and other aspects of work/life balance.

The other two virtual meetings include the C-suite executives and our physician executive board. We develop specific agenda topics related to a career in private practice and provide a forum for the associates to ask practice leadership questions about challenges they may face on their path to becoming a partner.

At the end of each year, we survey the current program participants to see what was successful and what can be improved for the next cohort of incoming associates. So far, the feedback we’ve received from the mentors and mentees has been overwhelmingly positive.
 

Mentorship benefits the entire practice

As groups continue to grow, more practices may begin to formalize their mentorship programs, particularly those who see the merit they provide in helping recruit and retain valuable associates. To supplement our internal mentorship program, we’ve also started reaching out to local fellowship programs to provide resources to fellows who are considering private practice.

Even though about half of gastroenterology fellows choose independent GI, many aren’t educated about what it means to choose a career in private practice. Our outreach to provide information at the fellowship level is aimed at giving early career physicians an opportunity to know the benefits and challenges associated with private practice. Furthermore, we strive to educate fellows about the resources that are available to guide them through not only joining a group, but also having a successful career.

Leaders of independent GI groups need physicians who want the practice to succeed. Medical school trains physicians to take care of patients but falls short on training physicians to run a business. And building good, strong businesses makes sure that the next generation of leaders are prepared to take over.

Supporting the next generation of practice leaders helps current leadership make changes that will ensure practice sustainability. Often, associates are at the forefront of new technologies, both in terms of patient care, and in terms of practice management, communications, marketing, and advertising. As times change, having associates who are engaged and excited will help any practice be positioned positively for whatever the future holds.
 

What to look for in joining a practice

Ideally, people should start looking for mentors when they’re looking for a residency program. Joining a practice isn’t much different. If you’re an early career physician who is considering private practice, find an independent GI physician who can tell you about their experiences. And when you’re interviewing with practices, be sure to ask questions about how the group approaches mentorship. If a practice doesn’t have a formal mentorship program, it doesn’t mean it’s an environment where mentorship relationships won’t flourish. In many practices, informal mentorship programs are very successful.

Ask questions about how the practice provides or supports mentorship. Does the practice leadership make themselves available as mentors? Does the practice expect new physicians to find and nurture mentorship relations on their own? Ask about the path to becoming a partner and who is available to discuss challenges, concerns, or any questions that arise.

Independent GI practices are partnerships that seek to provide high-quality care at a lower cost to our community. Strengthening and sustaining that partnership requires us to take the time and continuously invest in the future of new physicians who will go on to serve our community as partner physicians retire. By formalizing a mentorship program, we’re hoping to make it easier for our mentors and mentees to create productive partnerships that will strengthen our group, and ultimately independent gastroenterology overall.

Dr. Sonenshine is a practicing gastroenterologist at Atlanta Gastroenterology Associates, and a partner in United Digestive. He previously served as the chair of communications as a member of the Executive Committee of the Digestive Health Physicians Association. Dr. Sonenshine has no conflicts to declare.

Most people believe that, if you want to conduct clinical research, the best path is going into academic medicine. However, for physicians who want both the benefits of practicing in the community setting and a career in research, there are many ways to both treat patients and have a rewarding experience making a difference in facilitating treatment options that can become available to patients.

Our practices, Capital Digestive Care in Silver Spring, Md., and the PACT-Gastroenterology Center in Hamden, Conn, have been conducting clinical trials for many years on serious diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastroparesis, and most recently, recurrent infection of Clostridioides difficile. We both also worked on the National Institutes of Health–sponsored Anal Cancer/HSIL Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) study.
 

Academic setting vs. private practice

Research in our practices is similar to the academic setting with regards to how studies are conducted and structured since everyone involved in the study follows the same protocol. The benefit of being in a community setting is that you have a wide range of patients that you are seeing every day.

Getting involved in research is not for everyone, but for those who do get involved, the decision is a rewarding one that can make a significant difference in patients’ lives. Offering new therapeutics for disease states is a powerful tool for a provider, and it is exciting and rewarding to engage in the research considering new mechanisms of action and new approaches to treating diseases.
 

Finding a better treatment for C. difficile

For example, C. difficile is common in older people who’ve received antibiotics for other infections, especially residents of long-term care facilities. These residents have frequent antibiotic exposure and are already vulnerable to infection because of advanced age, multiple comorbid conditions, and communal living conditions. Once a case of C. difficile is diagnosed in a nursing home, it can spread through contaminated equipment, environments, or hands.

The treatment for C. difficile is to control the bacteria with antibiotics, but spores remain, so after a few days in certain people the spores germinate, and the C. difficile returns: a recurrence. It used to be that, after a second reoccurrence, you would send the patient for a fecal transplant, which was a scarce resource and a challenging process.

To perform a fecal transplant, you would need a spouse or a family member to provide a stool sample. After their stool was tested, the family member would need to process their stool in a blender with saline and draw it up in syringes. Once you had the material, the patient would need to go through a full colonoscopy to infuse the material into the colon. Of course, increased restrictions and safety precautions from the COVID-19 pandemic have made fecal transplants even more complex.

Given all these challenges, conducting research considering microbiota-based live biotherapeutics, the term the Food and Drug Administration uses for pharmaceutically produced forms of fecal microbiota transplantation, is very appealing. There are several different formulations that have come through clinical trials recently including RBX-2660, SER-109, and CP101.

SER-109 is an orally taken treatment produced by Seres Therapeutics. Once patients with acute recurrence of C. difficile are treated with standard antibiotics, they are given a course of four SER-109 capsules for 3 days. The results of the SER-109 study were published recently in the New England Journal of Medicine. This is the first phase 3 clinical trial published on a microbiota-based live biotherapeutic treatment, and the results were exciting, showing a clear efficacy benefit for SER-109.

In the case of C. difficile, we understand the deficiency that SER-109 replaces. SER-109 changes the microbiome within the colon so that the environment becomes less hospitable to C. difficile, which helps to better resist recurrence. With this therapy, we are replenishing the good bacteria, which helps to keep C. difficile from regerminating.

The therapy showed excellent results through the significant difference in rates of recurrence seen in patients with recurrent C. difficile infection following 8 weeks of follow-up. This is exciting because we believe the future of therapeutics for many diseases might involve this type of manipulation of the microbiota, and this is the first to show such an impact with this class of therapeutic.


 

Joining a practice that conducts clinical research

Within private practice settings, the opportunity to participate in clinical trials usually involves somewhat less bureaucracy and a more patient-centric approach. Private practitioners can also be selective in their research, and we only participate in a handful of selected trials that fit with the expertise of the providers in our practice.

We find the people best suited for involvement in pharmaceutical trials are those providers who want to participate in the scientific process and who see specialized patient populations with the diseases treated by the therapies being studied. In our experience, the young practitioner who enjoyed conducting research in fellowship, who attends national conferences, who keeps track of cutting-edge therapeutics within gastroenterology, and who is highly motivated will be successful in providing this service to their patients.

If you’re an early-career physician who would like to explore clinical research in private practice, there are a several things to look for when considering joining a practice.

Make sure the group has a support infrastructure and a clear compensation model for physicians who want to conduct research. Another important consideration is the kind of support staff the practice provides to manage clinical trials. Does the practice have physician and physician assistant subinvestigators and certified clinical research coordinators? It would be smart to research what kind of capabilities the practice has and inquire about what kind of commitment they have in terms of supporting research efforts.

If the practice you’re thinking of joining has a well-supported research program, you’ll soon be on the way to studying innovative treatments for a wide range of diseases affecting our communities, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, celiac disease, and many others. Many practices also participate in trials assessing new technologies in endoscopy, such as capsule endoscopy of the colon.

It’s incredibly important for community practices to engage in studies and actively recruit younger physicians to participate in their research programs. It changes the character of the practice by bringing a certain level of scholarly activity that benefits the patients we serve, the field of gastroenterology, and medicine as a whole.

Dr. Feuerstadt is a practicing gastroenterologist at the PACT-Gastroenterology Center and is affiliated with Yale New Haven Hospital. Dr. Korman is codirector of Chevy Chase Clinical Research at Capital Digestive Care and a principal investigator in the Seres Therapeutics phase 3 ECOSPOR III study evaluating SER-109. Dr. Feuerstadt disclosed relationships with SERES Therapeutics, Ferring Rebiotix, Finch Therapeutics, and Merck. Dr. Korman disclosed a relationship with SERES Therapeutics.

Most people believe that, if you want to conduct clinical research, the best path is going into academic medicine. However, for physicians who want both the benefits of practicing in the community setting and a career in research, there are many ways to both treat patients and have a rewarding experience making a difference in facilitating treatment options that can become available to patients.

Our practices, Capital Digestive Care in Silver Spring, Md., and the PACT-Gastroenterology Center in Hamden, Conn, have been conducting clinical trials for many years on serious diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastroparesis, and most recently, recurrent infection of Clostridioides difficile. We both also worked on the National Institutes of Health–sponsored Anal Cancer/HSIL Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) study.
 

Academic setting vs. private practice

Research in our practices is similar to the academic setting with regards to how studies are conducted and structured since everyone involved in the study follows the same protocol. The benefit of being in a community setting is that you have a wide range of patients that you are seeing every day.

Getting involved in research is not for everyone, but for those who do get involved, the decision is a rewarding one that can make a significant difference in patients’ lives. Offering new therapeutics for disease states is a powerful tool for a provider, and it is exciting and rewarding to engage in the research considering new mechanisms of action and new approaches to treating diseases.
 

Finding a better treatment for C. difficile

For example, C. difficile is common in older people who’ve received antibiotics for other infections, especially residents of long-term care facilities. These residents have frequent antibiotic exposure and are already vulnerable to infection because of advanced age, multiple comorbid conditions, and communal living conditions. Once a case of C. difficile is diagnosed in a nursing home, it can spread through contaminated equipment, environments, or hands.

The treatment for C. difficile is to control the bacteria with antibiotics, but spores remain, so after a few days in certain people the spores germinate, and the C. difficile returns: a recurrence. It used to be that, after a second reoccurrence, you would send the patient for a fecal transplant, which was a scarce resource and a challenging process.

To perform a fecal transplant, you would need a spouse or a family member to provide a stool sample. After their stool was tested, the family member would need to process their stool in a blender with saline and draw it up in syringes. Once you had the material, the patient would need to go through a full colonoscopy to infuse the material into the colon. Of course, increased restrictions and safety precautions from the COVID-19 pandemic have made fecal transplants even more complex.

Given all these challenges, conducting research considering microbiota-based live biotherapeutics, the term the Food and Drug Administration uses for pharmaceutically produced forms of fecal microbiota transplantation, is very appealing. There are several different formulations that have come through clinical trials recently including RBX-2660, SER-109, and CP101.

SER-109 is an orally taken treatment produced by Seres Therapeutics. Once patients with acute recurrence of C. difficile are treated with standard antibiotics, they are given a course of four SER-109 capsules for 3 days. The results of the SER-109 study were published recently in the New England Journal of Medicine. This is the first phase 3 clinical trial published on a microbiota-based live biotherapeutic treatment, and the results were exciting, showing a clear efficacy benefit for SER-109.

In the case of C. difficile, we understand the deficiency that SER-109 replaces. SER-109 changes the microbiome within the colon so that the environment becomes less hospitable to C. difficile, which helps to better resist recurrence. With this therapy, we are replenishing the good bacteria, which helps to keep C. difficile from regerminating.

The therapy showed excellent results through the significant difference in rates of recurrence seen in patients with recurrent C. difficile infection following 8 weeks of follow-up. This is exciting because we believe the future of therapeutics for many diseases might involve this type of manipulation of the microbiota, and this is the first to show such an impact with this class of therapeutic.


 

Joining a practice that conducts clinical research

Within private practice settings, the opportunity to participate in clinical trials usually involves somewhat less bureaucracy and a more patient-centric approach. Private practitioners can also be selective in their research, and we only participate in a handful of selected trials that fit with the expertise of the providers in our practice.

We find the people best suited for involvement in pharmaceutical trials are those providers who want to participate in the scientific process and who see specialized patient populations with the diseases treated by the therapies being studied. In our experience, the young practitioner who enjoyed conducting research in fellowship, who attends national conferences, who keeps track of cutting-edge therapeutics within gastroenterology, and who is highly motivated will be successful in providing this service to their patients.

If you’re an early-career physician who would like to explore clinical research in private practice, there are a several things to look for when considering joining a practice.

Make sure the group has a support infrastructure and a clear compensation model for physicians who want to conduct research. Another important consideration is the kind of support staff the practice provides to manage clinical trials. Does the practice have physician and physician assistant subinvestigators and certified clinical research coordinators? It would be smart to research what kind of capabilities the practice has and inquire about what kind of commitment they have in terms of supporting research efforts.

If the practice you’re thinking of joining has a well-supported research program, you’ll soon be on the way to studying innovative treatments for a wide range of diseases affecting our communities, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, celiac disease, and many others. Many practices also participate in trials assessing new technologies in endoscopy, such as capsule endoscopy of the colon.

It’s incredibly important for community practices to engage in studies and actively recruit younger physicians to participate in their research programs. It changes the character of the practice by bringing a certain level of scholarly activity that benefits the patients we serve, the field of gastroenterology, and medicine as a whole.

Dr. Feuerstadt is a practicing gastroenterologist at the PACT-Gastroenterology Center and is affiliated with Yale New Haven Hospital. Dr. Korman is codirector of Chevy Chase Clinical Research at Capital Digestive Care and a principal investigator in the Seres Therapeutics phase 3 ECOSPOR III study evaluating SER-109. Dr. Feuerstadt disclosed relationships with SERES Therapeutics, Ferring Rebiotix, Finch Therapeutics, and Merck. Dr. Korman disclosed a relationship with SERES Therapeutics.

Most people believe that, if you want to conduct clinical research, the best path is going into academic medicine. However, for physicians who want both the benefits of practicing in the community setting and a career in research, there are many ways to both treat patients and have a rewarding experience making a difference in facilitating treatment options that can become available to patients.

Our practices, Capital Digestive Care in Silver Spring, Md., and the PACT-Gastroenterology Center in Hamden, Conn, have been conducting clinical trials for many years on serious diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, gastroparesis, and most recently, recurrent infection of Clostridioides difficile. We both also worked on the National Institutes of Health–sponsored Anal Cancer/HSIL Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) study.
 

Academic setting vs. private practice

Research in our practices is similar to the academic setting with regards to how studies are conducted and structured since everyone involved in the study follows the same protocol. The benefit of being in a community setting is that you have a wide range of patients that you are seeing every day.

Getting involved in research is not for everyone, but for those who do get involved, the decision is a rewarding one that can make a significant difference in patients’ lives. Offering new therapeutics for disease states is a powerful tool for a provider, and it is exciting and rewarding to engage in the research considering new mechanisms of action and new approaches to treating diseases.
 

Finding a better treatment for C. difficile

For example, C. difficile is common in older people who’ve received antibiotics for other infections, especially residents of long-term care facilities. These residents have frequent antibiotic exposure and are already vulnerable to infection because of advanced age, multiple comorbid conditions, and communal living conditions. Once a case of C. difficile is diagnosed in a nursing home, it can spread through contaminated equipment, environments, or hands.

The treatment for C. difficile is to control the bacteria with antibiotics, but spores remain, so after a few days in certain people the spores germinate, and the C. difficile returns: a recurrence. It used to be that, after a second reoccurrence, you would send the patient for a fecal transplant, which was a scarce resource and a challenging process.

To perform a fecal transplant, you would need a spouse or a family member to provide a stool sample. After their stool was tested, the family member would need to process their stool in a blender with saline and draw it up in syringes. Once you had the material, the patient would need to go through a full colonoscopy to infuse the material into the colon. Of course, increased restrictions and safety precautions from the COVID-19 pandemic have made fecal transplants even more complex.

Given all these challenges, conducting research considering microbiota-based live biotherapeutics, the term the Food and Drug Administration uses for pharmaceutically produced forms of fecal microbiota transplantation, is very appealing. There are several different formulations that have come through clinical trials recently including RBX-2660, SER-109, and CP101.

SER-109 is an orally taken treatment produced by Seres Therapeutics. Once patients with acute recurrence of C. difficile are treated with standard antibiotics, they are given a course of four SER-109 capsules for 3 days. The results of the SER-109 study were published recently in the New England Journal of Medicine. This is the first phase 3 clinical trial published on a microbiota-based live biotherapeutic treatment, and the results were exciting, showing a clear efficacy benefit for SER-109.

In the case of C. difficile, we understand the deficiency that SER-109 replaces. SER-109 changes the microbiome within the colon so that the environment becomes less hospitable to C. difficile, which helps to better resist recurrence. With this therapy, we are replenishing the good bacteria, which helps to keep C. difficile from regerminating.

The therapy showed excellent results through the significant difference in rates of recurrence seen in patients with recurrent C. difficile infection following 8 weeks of follow-up. This is exciting because we believe the future of therapeutics for many diseases might involve this type of manipulation of the microbiota, and this is the first to show such an impact with this class of therapeutic.


 

Joining a practice that conducts clinical research

Within private practice settings, the opportunity to participate in clinical trials usually involves somewhat less bureaucracy and a more patient-centric approach. Private practitioners can also be selective in their research, and we only participate in a handful of selected trials that fit with the expertise of the providers in our practice.

We find the people best suited for involvement in pharmaceutical trials are those providers who want to participate in the scientific process and who see specialized patient populations with the diseases treated by the therapies being studied. In our experience, the young practitioner who enjoyed conducting research in fellowship, who attends national conferences, who keeps track of cutting-edge therapeutics within gastroenterology, and who is highly motivated will be successful in providing this service to their patients.

If you’re an early-career physician who would like to explore clinical research in private practice, there are a several things to look for when considering joining a practice.

Make sure the group has a support infrastructure and a clear compensation model for physicians who want to conduct research. Another important consideration is the kind of support staff the practice provides to manage clinical trials. Does the practice have physician and physician assistant subinvestigators and certified clinical research coordinators? It would be smart to research what kind of capabilities the practice has and inquire about what kind of commitment they have in terms of supporting research efforts.

If the practice you’re thinking of joining has a well-supported research program, you’ll soon be on the way to studying innovative treatments for a wide range of diseases affecting our communities, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, celiac disease, and many others. Many practices also participate in trials assessing new technologies in endoscopy, such as capsule endoscopy of the colon.

It’s incredibly important for community practices to engage in studies and actively recruit younger physicians to participate in their research programs. It changes the character of the practice by bringing a certain level of scholarly activity that benefits the patients we serve, the field of gastroenterology, and medicine as a whole.

Dr. Feuerstadt is a practicing gastroenterologist at the PACT-Gastroenterology Center and is affiliated with Yale New Haven Hospital. Dr. Korman is codirector of Chevy Chase Clinical Research at Capital Digestive Care and a principal investigator in the Seres Therapeutics phase 3 ECOSPOR III study evaluating SER-109. Dr. Feuerstadt disclosed relationships with SERES Therapeutics, Ferring Rebiotix, Finch Therapeutics, and Merck. Dr. Korman disclosed a relationship with SERES Therapeutics.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to be a global pandemic. Shortly after, federal regulators temporarily relaxed restrictions, raised Medicare payment for telemedicine visits to the same level as in-person visits, and waived or reduced cost sharing for patients. As pandemic-related regulations expire, policymakers are debating the need to address insurance coverage of telemedicine services going forward. Congress should consider the lessons learned over the past 20 months to ensure that health care providers have the flexibility to meet the needs of patients.

One of my early telehealth visits was with a patient in his 80s who spent nearly a month in the hospital after complex abdominal surgery. While at home with his daughter, it was the first visit to assess his progress after discharge from the hospital. We were able to address his concerns, assess his wounds using the video on his computer, and formulate a plan so he could continue to improve. At the end of the call, his daughter mentioned in passing, “Thank God we did not have to go to the office ... that would have been a nightmare.”

The nightmare would have consisted of driving her frail father 45 minutes to our office, spending 15 minutes to park, waiting for 30 minutes to be seen, and finally speaking with the physician for 30 minutes face-to-face. Following the appointment, my patient and his daughter would spend another 10 minutes checking out before the 45-minute drive home. Instead, they spent a few minutes logging on through a computer prior to the 30-minute visit from the comfort of their couch.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in millions of deaths and trillions of dollars in economic loss, as well as changed the norms of social interaction. One of the many ways it impacted our health care system is through the exponential growth of telehealth – the use of telecommunication modalities, such as telephone and real-time video – to connect patients with clinicians for the purpose of providing health care.

Prior to the pandemic, telehealth was limited to populations with limited access to health care. Our practice had never performed telehealth, yet converted nearly exclusively to telehealth at the height of the pandemic. My colleagues and I were concerned about how patients and physicians would respond to the sudden disruption of norms of patient engagement.

To measure the response, we conducted an online survey of over 500 gastroenterologists and nearly 1,500 patients from March to May 2020 to assess their satisfaction with telehealth. Our published results demonstrated that more than 80% of patients and 90% of physicians surveyed were either satisfied or highly satisfied with telehealth. Surprisingly, these trends were true irrespective of age or the reason for a visit. Greater than 80% of patients also indicated that the provider addressed their concerns and that they were willing to participate in telehealth visits in the future.

In a subsequent survey of nearly 3,000 patients who had experience with telehealth and in-person visits, 73% of respondents indicated that they received a similar quality of care through telehealth as compared to in-person visits and 61% stated that the interaction with their physician was also similar. More than half of the patients (54%) were likely to continue using telehealth services after the pandemic mainly because of shorter wait and travel times (75%), flexibility with personal schedule (56%), and ease of scheduling appointments on a desired date (47%).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, access to health care has been limited for a great number of patients, and telehealth has been a useful and necessary tool in overcoming this challenge. Telehealth also promotes the triple aim of improving health care by improving the care experience, reducing cost, and improving patient and population health outcomes. Our findings showed a high level of overall patient and provider satisfaction following telehealth appointments. Telehealth increases access to care by decreasing travel time and cost, limiting missed workdays, and reducing the need to find alternative caregivers, especially among rural communities and people facing financial hardship. For a small subset of people who lack the resources, access to technology, or ability to do video visits, telephone-only visits are an appropriate option and should be preserved and reimbursed in some capacity.

From a patient perspective, convenience and decreased cost are often cited as major reasons for satisfaction with telehealth. This is of particular importance to people with limited mobility, nontraditional work hours, and lower socioeconomic status. For patients who use public transportation or caregivers to travel to appointments, a short appointment may require hours of logistical planning and may come at significant financial cost. Enabling these patients to interact with their providers from home would make accessing the health care system both less expensive and logistically less challenging.

One unexpected benefit of telehealth that I have experienced is the ability to “visit” the patients in their own surroundings. Many telehealth visits have allowed the doctor to make a “house call” and see the patients in their homes, cars, and break rooms. Observing the chaos in a home or an extremely quiet and dark space has given me insight into the role anxiety and depression might play in health conditions – which may have not been appreciated in a visit to my office.

The most memorable meeting was a man who was sitting in his kitchen while smoking a cigarette and drinking a beer for breakfast whose main complaint was heartburn. His life habits were obviously contributing to his heartburn, and this degree of insight would not have been appreciated during a traditional in-person office visit.

Congress is now contemplating the role telehealth will play in health care once the pandemic is over. The main concerns are abuse of telehealth by providers, leading to a dramatic rise in visits due to the ease of care delivery. This in turn can dramatically increase health care costs. The long-term health outcomes of patients seen through telehealth are also unknown and must be studied.

All these concerns are valid and must be addressed in future studies, but it would be a mistake for Congress to revert telehealth back to prepandemic regulations. We must move forward with this important innovation in care delivery.

The adoption of telehealth is one of few silver linings of the COVID-19 pandemic. It will never replace in-person visits but should be preserved as an additional tool we can use when in-person visits are not the best option. The future of U.S. health care must allow for a hybrid model so that patients and providers can continue to benefit from this valuable innovation. Patients, providers, and families will be forever grateful.
 

Naresh Gunaratnam MD, AGAF is a practicing gastroenterologist with Huron Gastroenterology in Ann Arbor, Mich. He also serves as the chair of data analytics as a member of the Digestive Health Physicians Association executive committee. Dr. Gunaratnam has no conflicts in telehealth. He is the founder of and CMO of a weight loss device company and service.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to be a global pandemic. Shortly after, federal regulators temporarily relaxed restrictions, raised Medicare payment for telemedicine visits to the same level as in-person visits, and waived or reduced cost sharing for patients. As pandemic-related regulations expire, policymakers are debating the need to address insurance coverage of telemedicine services going forward. Congress should consider the lessons learned over the past 20 months to ensure that health care providers have the flexibility to meet the needs of patients.

One of my early telehealth visits was with a patient in his 80s who spent nearly a month in the hospital after complex abdominal surgery. While at home with his daughter, it was the first visit to assess his progress after discharge from the hospital. We were able to address his concerns, assess his wounds using the video on his computer, and formulate a plan so he could continue to improve. At the end of the call, his daughter mentioned in passing, “Thank God we did not have to go to the office ... that would have been a nightmare.”

The nightmare would have consisted of driving her frail father 45 minutes to our office, spending 15 minutes to park, waiting for 30 minutes to be seen, and finally speaking with the physician for 30 minutes face-to-face. Following the appointment, my patient and his daughter would spend another 10 minutes checking out before the 45-minute drive home. Instead, they spent a few minutes logging on through a computer prior to the 30-minute visit from the comfort of their couch.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in millions of deaths and trillions of dollars in economic loss, as well as changed the norms of social interaction. One of the many ways it impacted our health care system is through the exponential growth of telehealth – the use of telecommunication modalities, such as telephone and real-time video – to connect patients with clinicians for the purpose of providing health care.

Prior to the pandemic, telehealth was limited to populations with limited access to health care. Our practice had never performed telehealth, yet converted nearly exclusively to telehealth at the height of the pandemic. My colleagues and I were concerned about how patients and physicians would respond to the sudden disruption of norms of patient engagement.

To measure the response, we conducted an online survey of over 500 gastroenterologists and nearly 1,500 patients from March to May 2020 to assess their satisfaction with telehealth. Our published results demonstrated that more than 80% of patients and 90% of physicians surveyed were either satisfied or highly satisfied with telehealth. Surprisingly, these trends were true irrespective of age or the reason for a visit. Greater than 80% of patients also indicated that the provider addressed their concerns and that they were willing to participate in telehealth visits in the future.

In a subsequent survey of nearly 3,000 patients who had experience with telehealth and in-person visits, 73% of respondents indicated that they received a similar quality of care through telehealth as compared to in-person visits and 61% stated that the interaction with their physician was also similar. More than half of the patients (54%) were likely to continue using telehealth services after the pandemic mainly because of shorter wait and travel times (75%), flexibility with personal schedule (56%), and ease of scheduling appointments on a desired date (47%).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, access to health care has been limited for a great number of patients, and telehealth has been a useful and necessary tool in overcoming this challenge. Telehealth also promotes the triple aim of improving health care by improving the care experience, reducing cost, and improving patient and population health outcomes. Our findings showed a high level of overall patient and provider satisfaction following telehealth appointments. Telehealth increases access to care by decreasing travel time and cost, limiting missed workdays, and reducing the need to find alternative caregivers, especially among rural communities and people facing financial hardship. For a small subset of people who lack the resources, access to technology, or ability to do video visits, telephone-only visits are an appropriate option and should be preserved and reimbursed in some capacity.

From a patient perspective, convenience and decreased cost are often cited as major reasons for satisfaction with telehealth. This is of particular importance to people with limited mobility, nontraditional work hours, and lower socioeconomic status. For patients who use public transportation or caregivers to travel to appointments, a short appointment may require hours of logistical planning and may come at significant financial cost. Enabling these patients to interact with their providers from home would make accessing the health care system both less expensive and logistically less challenging.

One unexpected benefit of telehealth that I have experienced is the ability to “visit” the patients in their own surroundings. Many telehealth visits have allowed the doctor to make a “house call” and see the patients in their homes, cars, and break rooms. Observing the chaos in a home or an extremely quiet and dark space has given me insight into the role anxiety and depression might play in health conditions – which may have not been appreciated in a visit to my office.

The most memorable meeting was a man who was sitting in his kitchen while smoking a cigarette and drinking a beer for breakfast whose main complaint was heartburn. His life habits were obviously contributing to his heartburn, and this degree of insight would not have been appreciated during a traditional in-person office visit.

Congress is now contemplating the role telehealth will play in health care once the pandemic is over. The main concerns are abuse of telehealth by providers, leading to a dramatic rise in visits due to the ease of care delivery. This in turn can dramatically increase health care costs. The long-term health outcomes of patients seen through telehealth are also unknown and must be studied.

All these concerns are valid and must be addressed in future studies, but it would be a mistake for Congress to revert telehealth back to prepandemic regulations. We must move forward with this important innovation in care delivery.

The adoption of telehealth is one of few silver linings of the COVID-19 pandemic. It will never replace in-person visits but should be preserved as an additional tool we can use when in-person visits are not the best option. The future of U.S. health care must allow for a hybrid model so that patients and providers can continue to benefit from this valuable innovation. Patients, providers, and families will be forever grateful.
 

Naresh Gunaratnam MD, AGAF is a practicing gastroenterologist with Huron Gastroenterology in Ann Arbor, Mich. He also serves as the chair of data analytics as a member of the Digestive Health Physicians Association executive committee. Dr. Gunaratnam has no conflicts in telehealth. He is the founder of and CMO of a weight loss device company and service.

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) to be a global pandemic. Shortly after, federal regulators temporarily relaxed restrictions, raised Medicare payment for telemedicine visits to the same level as in-person visits, and waived or reduced cost sharing for patients. As pandemic-related regulations expire, policymakers are debating the need to address insurance coverage of telemedicine services going forward. Congress should consider the lessons learned over the past 20 months to ensure that health care providers have the flexibility to meet the needs of patients.

One of my early telehealth visits was with a patient in his 80s who spent nearly a month in the hospital after complex abdominal surgery. While at home with his daughter, it was the first visit to assess his progress after discharge from the hospital. We were able to address his concerns, assess his wounds using the video on his computer, and formulate a plan so he could continue to improve. At the end of the call, his daughter mentioned in passing, “Thank God we did not have to go to the office ... that would have been a nightmare.”

The nightmare would have consisted of driving her frail father 45 minutes to our office, spending 15 minutes to park, waiting for 30 minutes to be seen, and finally speaking with the physician for 30 minutes face-to-face. Following the appointment, my patient and his daughter would spend another 10 minutes checking out before the 45-minute drive home. Instead, they spent a few minutes logging on through a computer prior to the 30-minute visit from the comfort of their couch.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in millions of deaths and trillions of dollars in economic loss, as well as changed the norms of social interaction. One of the many ways it impacted our health care system is through the exponential growth of telehealth – the use of telecommunication modalities, such as telephone and real-time video – to connect patients with clinicians for the purpose of providing health care.

Prior to the pandemic, telehealth was limited to populations with limited access to health care. Our practice had never performed telehealth, yet converted nearly exclusively to telehealth at the height of the pandemic. My colleagues and I were concerned about how patients and physicians would respond to the sudden disruption of norms of patient engagement.

To measure the response, we conducted an online survey of over 500 gastroenterologists and nearly 1,500 patients from March to May 2020 to assess their satisfaction with telehealth. Our published results demonstrated that more than 80% of patients and 90% of physicians surveyed were either satisfied or highly satisfied with telehealth. Surprisingly, these trends were true irrespective of age or the reason for a visit. Greater than 80% of patients also indicated that the provider addressed their concerns and that they were willing to participate in telehealth visits in the future.

In a subsequent survey of nearly 3,000 patients who had experience with telehealth and in-person visits, 73% of respondents indicated that they received a similar quality of care through telehealth as compared to in-person visits and 61% stated that the interaction with their physician was also similar. More than half of the patients (54%) were likely to continue using telehealth services after the pandemic mainly because of shorter wait and travel times (75%), flexibility with personal schedule (56%), and ease of scheduling appointments on a desired date (47%).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, access to health care has been limited for a great number of patients, and telehealth has been a useful and necessary tool in overcoming this challenge. Telehealth also promotes the triple aim of improving health care by improving the care experience, reducing cost, and improving patient and population health outcomes. Our findings showed a high level of overall patient and provider satisfaction following telehealth appointments. Telehealth increases access to care by decreasing travel time and cost, limiting missed workdays, and reducing the need to find alternative caregivers, especially among rural communities and people facing financial hardship. For a small subset of people who lack the resources, access to technology, or ability to do video visits, telephone-only visits are an appropriate option and should be preserved and reimbursed in some capacity.

From a patient perspective, convenience and decreased cost are often cited as major reasons for satisfaction with telehealth. This is of particular importance to people with limited mobility, nontraditional work hours, and lower socioeconomic status. For patients who use public transportation or caregivers to travel to appointments, a short appointment may require hours of logistical planning and may come at significant financial cost. Enabling these patients to interact with their providers from home would make accessing the health care system both less expensive and logistically less challenging.

One unexpected benefit of telehealth that I have experienced is the ability to “visit” the patients in their own surroundings. Many telehealth visits have allowed the doctor to make a “house call” and see the patients in their homes, cars, and break rooms. Observing the chaos in a home or an extremely quiet and dark space has given me insight into the role anxiety and depression might play in health conditions – which may have not been appreciated in a visit to my office.

The most memorable meeting was a man who was sitting in his kitchen while smoking a cigarette and drinking a beer for breakfast whose main complaint was heartburn. His life habits were obviously contributing to his heartburn, and this degree of insight would not have been appreciated during a traditional in-person office visit.

Congress is now contemplating the role telehealth will play in health care once the pandemic is over. The main concerns are abuse of telehealth by providers, leading to a dramatic rise in visits due to the ease of care delivery. This in turn can dramatically increase health care costs. The long-term health outcomes of patients seen through telehealth are also unknown and must be studied.

All these concerns are valid and must be addressed in future studies, but it would be a mistake for Congress to revert telehealth back to prepandemic regulations. We must move forward with this important innovation in care delivery.

The adoption of telehealth is one of few silver linings of the COVID-19 pandemic. It will never replace in-person visits but should be preserved as an additional tool we can use when in-person visits are not the best option. The future of U.S. health care must allow for a hybrid model so that patients and providers can continue to benefit from this valuable innovation. Patients, providers, and families will be forever grateful.
 

Naresh Gunaratnam MD, AGAF is a practicing gastroenterologist with Huron Gastroenterology in Ann Arbor, Mich. He also serves as the chair of data analytics as a member of the Digestive Health Physicians Association executive committee. Dr. Gunaratnam has no conflicts in telehealth. He is the founder of and CMO of a weight loss device company and service.

For the past 18 months, we’ve all been focused on defeating the COVID-19 pandemic and preparing for the effects of cancer screenings that were delayed or put off entirely. But COVID isn’t the only epidemic we’re facing in the United States. Obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States. and its related diseases account for $480.7 billion in direct health care costs, with an additional $1.24 trillion in indirect costs from lost economic productivity.

More than two in five Americans are obese and that number is predicted to grow to more than half of the U.S. population by 2030. Obesity is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a buildup of fat in the liver with little or no inflammation or cell damage that affects one in three (30%-37%) of adults in the U.S.

NAFLD can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which affects about 1 in 10 (8%-12%) of adults in the U.S. NASH is fat in the liver with inflammation and cell damage, and it can lead to fibrosis and liver failure. The number of patients we see with NALFD and NASH continues to rise and it’s taking its toll. One in five people who have NASH will have the disease progress to liver cirrhosis. NASH is expected to be the leading cause of liver transplant in the U.S. for the next 5 years.
 

Stemming the tide of NAFLD and NASH

The best way to fight NAFLD and NASH is to prevent it in the first place by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising most days of the week. In terms of diet, limiting sugar and eating a diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats can prevent the factors that lead to liver disease.

If this were easy, we wouldn’t be facing the obesity epidemic that is plaguing the United States. One of the issues is that medicine has only recognized obesity as a disease for less than 10 years. We aren’t trained in medical school, residencies, or fellowships in managing obesity, beyond advising people to exercise and eat right. We know this doesn’t work.

That’s why many independent GI groups are exploring comprehensive weight management programs that take a holistic approach to weight management involving a team of health care providers and educators helping patients gradually exercise more and eat healthy while providing a social support system to lose weight and keep it off.
 

The best way to educate is to listen first

As gastroenterologists, we see many obesity-related issues and have an opportunity to intervene before other more serious issues show up – like cancer, hypertension, and stroke. And educating the public and primary care physicians is key to ensuring that patients who are high risk are screened for liver disease.

Some GI practices leverage awareness events such as International NASH Day in June, or National Liver Cancer Awareness Month in October, to provide primary care physicians and patients with educational materials about making healthier choices and what options are available to screen for NAFLD and NASH.

While the awareness events offer a ready-made context for outreach, the physicians in my practice work year-round to provide information on liver disease. When patients are brought in for issues that may indicate future problems, we look for signs of chronic liver disease and educate them and their family members about liver disease and cirrhosis.

Discussions of weight are very personal, and it’s important to approach the conversation with sensitivity. It’s also good to understand as best as possible any cultural implications of discussing a person’s weight to ensure that the patient or their family members are not embarrassed by the discussion. I find that oftentimes the best approach is to listen to the patient and hear what factors are influencing their ability to exercise and eat healthy foods so that you can work together to find the best solution.

It’s also important to recognize that racial disparities exist in many aspects of NAFLD, including prevalence, severity, genetic predisposition, and overall chance of recovery. For instance, Hispanics and Asian Americans have a higher prevalence of NAFLD, compared with other ethnic and racial groups.
 

Early detection is key

Screenings have become a lot simpler and more convenient. There are alternatives to the painful, expensive liver biopsy. There are blood biomarker tests designed to assess liver fibrosis in patients. Specialized vibration-controlled transient elastography, such as Fibroscan, can measure scarring and fat buildup in the liver. And because it’s noninvasive, it doesn’t come with the same risks as a traditional liver biopsy. It also costs about four or five times less, which is important in this era of value-based care.

These simple tests can be reassuring, or they can lead down another path of treating the disease, but not being screened at all can come at a steep price. Severe fibrosis can lead to cirrhosis, a dangerous condition where the liver can no longer function correctly. NAFLD and NASH can also lead to liver cancer.

There are some medications that are in phase 2 and some in phase 3 clinical trials that aim to reduce fatty liver by cutting down fibrosis and steatosis, and there are other medications that can be used to help with weight loss. But the reality is that lifestyle changes are currently the best way to reverse NAFLD or stop it from progressing to NASH or cirrhosis.
 

Join an innovative practice

For the next 20 years, the obesity epidemic will be the biggest issue facing our society and a major focus of our cancer prevention efforts. Early-career physicians who are looking to join an independent GI practice should ask questions to determine whether the partners in the practice are taking a comprehensive approach to treating issues of obesity, NAFLD, NASH, and liver disease. Discuss what steps the practice takes to educate primary care physicians and their patients about the dangers of NAFLD and NASH.

We’re looking for early-career physicians who are entrepreneurial, not just for the sake of the practice, but because the future is in digital technologies and chronic care management, such as Chronwell, that help people maintain health through remote care and coaching. We want people who are thinking about fixing the problems of today and tomorrow with new technologies and scalable solutions. Through education and new screening and treatment options, we can ensure that fewer people develop serious liver disease or cancer.
 

Dr. Sanjay Sandhir is a practicing gastroenterologist at Dayton Gastroenterology, One GI in Ohio and is an executive committee member of the Digestive Health Physicians Association. He has no conflicts to declare.

For the past 18 months, we’ve all been focused on defeating the COVID-19 pandemic and preparing for the effects of cancer screenings that were delayed or put off entirely. But COVID isn’t the only epidemic we’re facing in the United States. Obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States. and its related diseases account for $480.7 billion in direct health care costs, with an additional $1.24 trillion in indirect costs from lost economic productivity.

More than two in five Americans are obese and that number is predicted to grow to more than half of the U.S. population by 2030. Obesity is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a buildup of fat in the liver with little or no inflammation or cell damage that affects one in three (30%-37%) of adults in the U.S.

NAFLD can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which affects about 1 in 10 (8%-12%) of adults in the U.S. NASH is fat in the liver with inflammation and cell damage, and it can lead to fibrosis and liver failure. The number of patients we see with NALFD and NASH continues to rise and it’s taking its toll. One in five people who have NASH will have the disease progress to liver cirrhosis. NASH is expected to be the leading cause of liver transplant in the U.S. for the next 5 years.
 

Stemming the tide of NAFLD and NASH

The best way to fight NAFLD and NASH is to prevent it in the first place by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising most days of the week. In terms of diet, limiting sugar and eating a diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats can prevent the factors that lead to liver disease.

If this were easy, we wouldn’t be facing the obesity epidemic that is plaguing the United States. One of the issues is that medicine has only recognized obesity as a disease for less than 10 years. We aren’t trained in medical school, residencies, or fellowships in managing obesity, beyond advising people to exercise and eat right. We know this doesn’t work.

That’s why many independent GI groups are exploring comprehensive weight management programs that take a holistic approach to weight management involving a team of health care providers and educators helping patients gradually exercise more and eat healthy while providing a social support system to lose weight and keep it off.
 

The best way to educate is to listen first

As gastroenterologists, we see many obesity-related issues and have an opportunity to intervene before other more serious issues show up – like cancer, hypertension, and stroke. And educating the public and primary care physicians is key to ensuring that patients who are high risk are screened for liver disease.

Some GI practices leverage awareness events such as International NASH Day in June, or National Liver Cancer Awareness Month in October, to provide primary care physicians and patients with educational materials about making healthier choices and what options are available to screen for NAFLD and NASH.

While the awareness events offer a ready-made context for outreach, the physicians in my practice work year-round to provide information on liver disease. When patients are brought in for issues that may indicate future problems, we look for signs of chronic liver disease and educate them and their family members about liver disease and cirrhosis.

Discussions of weight are very personal, and it’s important to approach the conversation with sensitivity. It’s also good to understand as best as possible any cultural implications of discussing a person’s weight to ensure that the patient or their family members are not embarrassed by the discussion. I find that oftentimes the best approach is to listen to the patient and hear what factors are influencing their ability to exercise and eat healthy foods so that you can work together to find the best solution.

It’s also important to recognize that racial disparities exist in many aspects of NAFLD, including prevalence, severity, genetic predisposition, and overall chance of recovery. For instance, Hispanics and Asian Americans have a higher prevalence of NAFLD, compared with other ethnic and racial groups.
 

Early detection is key

Screenings have become a lot simpler and more convenient. There are alternatives to the painful, expensive liver biopsy. There are blood biomarker tests designed to assess liver fibrosis in patients. Specialized vibration-controlled transient elastography, such as Fibroscan, can measure scarring and fat buildup in the liver. And because it’s noninvasive, it doesn’t come with the same risks as a traditional liver biopsy. It also costs about four or five times less, which is important in this era of value-based care.

These simple tests can be reassuring, or they can lead down another path of treating the disease, but not being screened at all can come at a steep price. Severe fibrosis can lead to cirrhosis, a dangerous condition where the liver can no longer function correctly. NAFLD and NASH can also lead to liver cancer.

There are some medications that are in phase 2 and some in phase 3 clinical trials that aim to reduce fatty liver by cutting down fibrosis and steatosis, and there are other medications that can be used to help with weight loss. But the reality is that lifestyle changes are currently the best way to reverse NAFLD or stop it from progressing to NASH or cirrhosis.
 

Join an innovative practice

For the next 20 years, the obesity epidemic will be the biggest issue facing our society and a major focus of our cancer prevention efforts. Early-career physicians who are looking to join an independent GI practice should ask questions to determine whether the partners in the practice are taking a comprehensive approach to treating issues of obesity, NAFLD, NASH, and liver disease. Discuss what steps the practice takes to educate primary care physicians and their patients about the dangers of NAFLD and NASH.

We’re looking for early-career physicians who are entrepreneurial, not just for the sake of the practice, but because the future is in digital technologies and chronic care management, such as Chronwell, that help people maintain health through remote care and coaching. We want people who are thinking about fixing the problems of today and tomorrow with new technologies and scalable solutions. Through education and new screening and treatment options, we can ensure that fewer people develop serious liver disease or cancer.
 

Dr. Sanjay Sandhir is a practicing gastroenterologist at Dayton Gastroenterology, One GI in Ohio and is an executive committee member of the Digestive Health Physicians Association. He has no conflicts to declare.

For the past 18 months, we’ve all been focused on defeating the COVID-19 pandemic and preparing for the effects of cancer screenings that were delayed or put off entirely. But COVID isn’t the only epidemic we’re facing in the United States. Obesity is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States. and its related diseases account for $480.7 billion in direct health care costs, with an additional $1.24 trillion in indirect costs from lost economic productivity.

More than two in five Americans are obese and that number is predicted to grow to more than half of the U.S. population by 2030. Obesity is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a buildup of fat in the liver with little or no inflammation or cell damage that affects one in three (30%-37%) of adults in the U.S.

NAFLD can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which affects about 1 in 10 (8%-12%) of adults in the U.S. NASH is fat in the liver with inflammation and cell damage, and it can lead to fibrosis and liver failure. The number of patients we see with NALFD and NASH continues to rise and it’s taking its toll. One in five people who have NASH will have the disease progress to liver cirrhosis. NASH is expected to be the leading cause of liver transplant in the U.S. for the next 5 years.
 

Stemming the tide of NAFLD and NASH

The best way to fight NAFLD and NASH is to prevent it in the first place by maintaining a healthy weight and exercising most days of the week. In terms of diet, limiting sugar and eating a diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats can prevent the factors that lead to liver disease.

If this were easy, we wouldn’t be facing the obesity epidemic that is plaguing the United States. One of the issues is that medicine has only recognized obesity as a disease for less than 10 years. We aren’t trained in medical school, residencies, or fellowships in managing obesity, beyond advising people to exercise and eat right. We know this doesn’t work.

That’s why many independent GI groups are exploring comprehensive weight management programs that take a holistic approach to weight management involving a team of health care providers and educators helping patients gradually exercise more and eat healthy while providing a social support system to lose weight and keep it off.
 

The best way to educate is to listen first

As gastroenterologists, we see many obesity-related issues and have an opportunity to intervene before other more serious issues show up – like cancer, hypertension, and stroke. And educating the public and primary care physicians is key to ensuring that patients who are high risk are screened for liver disease.

Some GI practices leverage awareness events such as International NASH Day in June, or National Liver Cancer Awareness Month in October, to provide primary care physicians and patients with educational materials about making healthier choices and what options are available to screen for NAFLD and NASH.

While the awareness events offer a ready-made context for outreach, the physicians in my practice work year-round to provide information on liver disease. When patients are brought in for issues that may indicate future problems, we look for signs of chronic liver disease and educate them and their family members about liver disease and cirrhosis.

Discussions of weight are very personal, and it’s important to approach the conversation with sensitivity. It’s also good to understand as best as possible any cultural implications of discussing a person’s weight to ensure that the patient or their family members are not embarrassed by the discussion. I find that oftentimes the best approach is to listen to the patient and hear what factors are influencing their ability to exercise and eat healthy foods so that you can work together to find the best solution.

It’s also important to recognize that racial disparities exist in many aspects of NAFLD, including prevalence, severity, genetic predisposition, and overall chance of recovery. For instance, Hispanics and Asian Americans have a higher prevalence of NAFLD, compared with other ethnic and racial groups.
 

Early detection is key

Screenings have become a lot simpler and more convenient. There are alternatives to the painful, expensive liver biopsy. There are blood biomarker tests designed to assess liver fibrosis in patients. Specialized vibration-controlled transient elastography, such as Fibroscan, can measure scarring and fat buildup in the liver. And because it’s noninvasive, it doesn’t come with the same risks as a traditional liver biopsy. It also costs about four or five times less, which is important in this era of value-based care.

These simple tests can be reassuring, or they can lead down another path of treating the disease, but not being screened at all can come at a steep price. Severe fibrosis can lead to cirrhosis, a dangerous condition where the liver can no longer function correctly. NAFLD and NASH can also lead to liver cancer.

There are some medications that are in phase 2 and some in phase 3 clinical trials that aim to reduce fatty liver by cutting down fibrosis and steatosis, and there are other medications that can be used to help with weight loss. But the reality is that lifestyle changes are currently the best way to reverse NAFLD or stop it from progressing to NASH or cirrhosis.
 

Join an innovative practice

For the next 20 years, the obesity epidemic will be the biggest issue facing our society and a major focus of our cancer prevention efforts. Early-career physicians who are looking to join an independent GI practice should ask questions to determine whether the partners in the practice are taking a comprehensive approach to treating issues of obesity, NAFLD, NASH, and liver disease. Discuss what steps the practice takes to educate primary care physicians and their patients about the dangers of NAFLD and NASH.

We’re looking for early-career physicians who are entrepreneurial, not just for the sake of the practice, but because the future is in digital technologies and chronic care management, such as Chronwell, that help people maintain health through remote care and coaching. We want people who are thinking about fixing the problems of today and tomorrow with new technologies and scalable solutions. Through education and new screening and treatment options, we can ensure that fewer people develop serious liver disease or cancer.
 

Dr. Sanjay Sandhir is a practicing gastroenterologist at Dayton Gastroenterology, One GI in Ohio and is an executive committee member of the Digestive Health Physicians Association. He has no conflicts to declare.