Interpreting Key Trials

Shyam Bhakta, MD
Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals of Cleveland

Mark E. Dunlap, MD
Director, Heart Failure Program and Associate Chief, Cardiology Section, Louis B. Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Associate Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland; national leader, Candesartan in Heart Failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) trial

Address: Mark E. Dunlap, MD, Cardiology Section, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard, Cleveland, OH 44106

Dr. Dunlap has indicated that he has received grant or research support from, is a consult for, and is on the speakers’ bureau of the AstraZeneca corporation, the maker of candesartan.

This paper discusses therapy that is experimental or not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Shyam Bhakta, MD
Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals of Cleveland

Mark E. Dunlap, MD
Director, Heart Failure Program and Associate Chief, Cardiology Section, Louis B. Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Associate Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland; national leader, Candesartan in Heart Failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) trial

Address: Mark E. Dunlap, MD, Cardiology Section, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard, Cleveland, OH 44106

Dr. Dunlap has indicated that he has received grant or research support from, is a consult for, and is on the speakers’ bureau of the AstraZeneca corporation, the maker of candesartan.

This paper discusses therapy that is experimental or not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Shyam Bhakta, MD
Division of Cardiology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals of Cleveland

Mark E. Dunlap, MD
Director, Heart Failure Program and Associate Chief, Cardiology Section, Louis B. Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Associate Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland; national leader, Candesartan in Heart Failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) trial

Address: Mark E. Dunlap, MD, Cardiology Section, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10701 East Boulevard, Cleveland, OH 44106

Dr. Dunlap has indicated that he has received grant or research support from, is a consult for, and is on the speakers’ bureau of the AstraZeneca corporation, the maker of candesartan.

This paper discusses therapy that is experimental or not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Kiran K. Khush, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

David Waters, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco General Hospital

Address: Kiran K. Khush, MD, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0124, San Francisco, CA 94143; e-mail kkhush@medicine.ucsf.edu

Dr. Waters has indicated that he is on the speakers’ bureau of Pfizer, Merck, and AstraZeneca, and has received grant or research support from AstraZeneca and Merck.

Kiran K. Khush, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

David Waters, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco General Hospital

Address: Kiran K. Khush, MD, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0124, San Francisco, CA 94143; e-mail kkhush@medicine.ucsf.edu

Dr. Waters has indicated that he is on the speakers’ bureau of Pfizer, Merck, and AstraZeneca, and has received grant or research support from AstraZeneca and Merck.

Kiran K. Khush, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco

David Waters, MD
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, and San Francisco General Hospital

Address: Kiran K. Khush, MD, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 505 Parnassus Avenue, Box 0124, San Francisco, CA 94143; e-mail kkhush@medicine.ucsf.edu

Dr. Waters has indicated that he is on the speakers’ bureau of Pfizer, Merck, and AstraZeneca, and has received grant or research support from AstraZeneca and Merck.

Donald G. Vidt, MD
Consultant, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation; member, Seventh Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; investigator, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Address: Donald G. Vidt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, A51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Donald G. Vidt, MD
Consultant, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation; member, Seventh Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; investigator, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Address: Donald G. Vidt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, A51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Donald G. Vidt, MD
Consultant, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation; member, Seventh Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; investigator, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Address: Donald G. Vidt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, A51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

W.H. Wilson Tang, MD
The George M. and Linda H. Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Michael Militello, PharmD
Department of Pharmacy, The Cleveland Clinic

Gary S. Francis, MD
Director, Coronary Intensive Care Unit, The George M. and Linda H. Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: W.H. Wilson Tang, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, F25, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail: tangw@ccf.org

Dr. Francis has indicated that he is on the advisory board of GlaxoSmithKline.

W.H. Wilson Tang, MD
The George M. and Linda H. Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Michael Militello, PharmD
Department of Pharmacy, The Cleveland Clinic

Gary S. Francis, MD
Director, Coronary Intensive Care Unit, The George M. and Linda H. Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: W.H. Wilson Tang, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, F25, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail: tangw@ccf.org

Dr. Francis has indicated that he is on the advisory board of GlaxoSmithKline.

W.H. Wilson Tang, MD
The George M. and Linda H. Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Michael Militello, PharmD
Department of Pharmacy, The Cleveland Clinic

Gary S. Francis, MD
Director, Coronary Intensive Care Unit, The George M. and Linda H. Kaufman Center for Heart Failure, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: W.H. Wilson Tang, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, F25, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail: tangw@ccf.org

Dr. Francis has indicated that he is on the advisory board of GlaxoSmithKline.

Redeepak Lachhwani, MB, BS, MD
Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic

Hans Lüders, MD, PhD
Chairman, Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Deepak Lachhwani, MD, Department of Neurology, S51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Redeepak Lachhwani, MB, BS, MD
Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic

Hans Lüders, MD, PhD
Chairman, Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Deepak Lachhwani, MD, Department of Neurology, S51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Redeepak Lachhwani, MB, BS, MD
Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic

Hans Lüders, MD, PhD
Chairman, Department of Neurology, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Deepak Lachhwani, MD, Department of Neurology, S51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Mina K. Chung, MD
Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Mina K. Chung, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, F15, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail: chungm@ccf.org

Mina K. Chung, MD
Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Mina K. Chung, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, F15, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail: chungm@ccf.org

Mina K. Chung, MD
Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Mina K. Chung, MD, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, F15, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail: chungm@ccf.org

Adrian W. Messerli, MD
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Herbert D. Aronow, MD, MPH
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Dennis L. Sprecher, MD
Adjunct staff, The Cleveland Clinic; Director, Dyslipidemia, Discovery Medicine, GlaxoSmithKline; formerly head, Section of Cardiac Prevention, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Dennis Sprecher, MD, GlaxoSmithKline, 709 Swedelan Rd, UW2900, King of Prussia, PA 19406

Dr. Aronow has indicated that he serves as a consultant for and is on the speaker’s bureau of the Pfizer corporation.

Dr. Sprecher became employed by GlaxoSmithKline corporation after this paper was written and accepted.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Adrian W. Messerli, MD
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Herbert D. Aronow, MD, MPH
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Dennis L. Sprecher, MD
Adjunct staff, The Cleveland Clinic; Director, Dyslipidemia, Discovery Medicine, GlaxoSmithKline; formerly head, Section of Cardiac Prevention, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Dennis Sprecher, MD, GlaxoSmithKline, 709 Swedelan Rd, UW2900, King of Prussia, PA 19406

Dr. Aronow has indicated that he serves as a consultant for and is on the speaker’s bureau of the Pfizer corporation.

Dr. Sprecher became employed by GlaxoSmithKline corporation after this paper was written and accepted.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Adrian W. Messerli, MD
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Herbert D. Aronow, MD, MPH
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Dennis L. Sprecher, MD
Adjunct staff, The Cleveland Clinic; Director, Dyslipidemia, Discovery Medicine, GlaxoSmithKline; formerly head, Section of Cardiac Prevention, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Dennis Sprecher, MD, GlaxoSmithKline, 709 Swedelan Rd, UW2900, King of Prussia, PA 19406

Dr. Aronow has indicated that he serves as a consultant for and is on the speaker’s bureau of the Pfizer corporation.

Dr. Sprecher became employed by GlaxoSmithKline corporation after this paper was written and accepted.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Joseph Bernstein, MD
Assistant professor of orthopedic surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Tony Quach, BA
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Address: Joseph Bernstein, MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 424 Stemmler Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104; e-mail: orthodoc@post.harvard.edu

Joseph Bernstein, MD
Assistant professor of orthopedic surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Tony Quach, BA
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Address: Joseph Bernstein, MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 424 Stemmler Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104; e-mail: orthodoc@post.harvard.edu

Joseph Bernstein, MD
Assistant professor of orthopedic surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Tony Quach, BA
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Address: Joseph Bernstein, MD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, 424 Stemmler Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104; e-mail: orthodoc@post.harvard.edu

Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland; Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center; investigator, African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension

Address: Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland OH 44106; e-mail: mxr9@po.cwru.edu

The author has indicated that he has received honoraria for speaking engagements from the Solvay, Abbott, and Pfizer companies.

Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland; Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center; investigator, African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension

Address: Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland OH 44106; e-mail: mxr9@po.cwru.edu

The author has indicated that he has received honoraria for speaking engagements from the Solvay, Abbott, and Pfizer companies.

Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals of Cleveland; Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center; investigator, African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension

Address: Mahboob Rahman, MD, MS, Divisions of Hypertension and Nephrology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland OH 44106; e-mail: mxr9@po.cwru.edu

The author has indicated that he has received honoraria for speaking engagements from the Solvay, Abbott, and Pfizer companies.

Donald G. Vidt, MD
Consultant, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Cleveland Clinic; member, Sixth Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; investigator, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Address: Donald G. Vidt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, A51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Donald G. Vidt, MD
Consultant, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Cleveland Clinic; member, Sixth Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; investigator, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Address: Donald G. Vidt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, A51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Donald G. Vidt, MD
Consultant, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, The Cleveland Clinic; member, Sixth Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure; investigator, Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)

Address: Donald G. Vidt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, A51, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195