Drug Therapy

Ravindran A. Padmanabhan, MD
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Thomas G. Fraser, MD
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Address: Thomas G. Fraser, MD, FACP, Department of Infectious Diseases, S32, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail frasert@ccf.org

Ravindran A. Padmanabhan, MD
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Thomas G. Fraser, MD
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Address: Thomas G. Fraser, MD, FACP, Department of Infectious Diseases, S32, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail frasert@ccf.org

Ravindran A. Padmanabhan, MD
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Thomas G. Fraser, MD
Department of Infectious Diseases, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Address: Thomas G. Fraser, MD, FACP, Department of Infectious Diseases, S32, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail frasert@ccf.org

Corey A. Siegel, MD
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Arief A. Suriawinata, MD
Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Anne M. Silas, MD
Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Dirk J. Van Leeuwen, MD, PhD
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Address: Dirk J. van Leeuwen, MD, PhD, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756

Corey A. Siegel, MD
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Arief A. Suriawinata, MD
Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Anne M. Silas, MD
Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Dirk J. Van Leeuwen, MD, PhD
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Address: Dirk J. van Leeuwen, MD, PhD, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756

Corey A. Siegel, MD
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Arief A. Suriawinata, MD
Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Anne M. Silas, MD
Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Dirk J. Van Leeuwen, MD, PhD
Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH

Address: Dirk J. van Leeuwen, MD, PhD, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756

Mark A. Crowther, MD
Division of Hematology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario

Address: Mark A. Crowther, MD, Division of Hematology, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Hospital, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from Division of Medicine Grand Rounds presentations at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Mark A. Crowther, MD
Division of Hematology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario

Address: Mark A. Crowther, MD, Division of Hematology, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Hospital, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from Division of Medicine Grand Rounds presentations at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Mark A. Crowther, MD
Division of Hematology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario

Address: Mark A. Crowther, MD, Division of Hematology, McMaster University, St. Joseph's Hospital, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 4A6, Canada

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from Division of Medicine Grand Rounds presentations at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Amir K. Jaffer, MD
Medical Director, the IMPACT Center and The Anticoagulation Clinic, Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Address: Amir K. Jaffer, MD, Department of General Internal Medicine, A72, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail jaffer@ccf.org

The author has indicated that he has received grant or research suport from the Astra Zeneca corporation, serves as a consultant for the Sanofi-Aventis corporation, and is on the speaker’s bureau of the Sanofi-Aventis corporation.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or that are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from presentations at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Amir K. Jaffer, MD
Medical Director, the IMPACT Center and The Anticoagulation Clinic, Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Address: Amir K. Jaffer, MD, Department of General Internal Medicine, A72, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail jaffer@ccf.org

The author has indicated that he has received grant or research suport from the Astra Zeneca corporation, serves as a consultant for the Sanofi-Aventis corporation, and is on the speaker’s bureau of the Sanofi-Aventis corporation.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or that are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from presentations at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Amir K. Jaffer, MD
Medical Director, the IMPACT Center and The Anticoagulation Clinic, Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Address: Amir K. Jaffer, MD, Department of General Internal Medicine, A72, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail jaffer@ccf.org

The author has indicated that he has received grant or research suport from the Astra Zeneca corporation, serves as a consultant for the Sanofi-Aventis corporation, and is on the speaker’s bureau of the Sanofi-Aventis corporation.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or that are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from presentations at The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Matt T. Rosenberg, MD
Director, MidMichigan Health Centers, Jackson, MI

Roger R. Dmochowski, MD
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN

Address: Matt T. Rosenberg, MD, Director, MidMichigan Health Centers, 214 N. West Avenue, Jackson, MI 49201; e-mail matttoren@yahoo.com

Dr. Rosenberg has indicated that he is on the speakers’ bureau of Watson, Pfizer, and Ortho-McNeil, is a consultant for Pfizer and Ortho-McNeil, and has received grant or research support from Ortho-McNeil.

Dr. Dmochowski has indicated that he is a consultant for Watson and Indevus.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Matt T. Rosenberg, MD
Director, MidMichigan Health Centers, Jackson, MI

Roger R. Dmochowski, MD
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN

Address: Matt T. Rosenberg, MD, Director, MidMichigan Health Centers, 214 N. West Avenue, Jackson, MI 49201; e-mail matttoren@yahoo.com

Dr. Rosenberg has indicated that he is on the speakers’ bureau of Watson, Pfizer, and Ortho-McNeil, is a consultant for Pfizer and Ortho-McNeil, and has received grant or research support from Ortho-McNeil.

Dr. Dmochowski has indicated that he is a consultant for Watson and Indevus.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Matt T. Rosenberg, MD
Director, MidMichigan Health Centers, Jackson, MI

Roger R. Dmochowski, MD
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN

Address: Matt T. Rosenberg, MD, Director, MidMichigan Health Centers, 214 N. West Avenue, Jackson, MI 49201; e-mail matttoren@yahoo.com

Dr. Rosenberg has indicated that he is on the speakers’ bureau of Watson, Pfizer, and Ortho-McNeil, is a consultant for Pfizer and Ortho-McNeil, and has received grant or research support from Ortho-McNeil.

Dr. Dmochowski has indicated that he is a consultant for Watson and Indevus.

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Richard Saad, MD
University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor

William D. Chey, MD
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor

Address: William D. Chey, MD, FACG, FACP, Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical Center, 3912 Taubman Center, Box 0362, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; e-mail wchey@umich.edu

Dr. Chey has indicated that he is a consultant for and on the speaker’s bureau of the TAP Pharmaceutical Products corporation and has received research funding from the Jannsen corporation.

Richard Saad, MD
University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor

William D. Chey, MD
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor

Address: William D. Chey, MD, FACG, FACP, Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical Center, 3912 Taubman Center, Box 0362, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; e-mail wchey@umich.edu

Dr. Chey has indicated that he is a consultant for and on the speaker’s bureau of the TAP Pharmaceutical Products corporation and has received research funding from the Jannsen corporation.

Richard Saad, MD
University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor

William D. Chey, MD
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor

Address: William D. Chey, MD, FACG, FACP, Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Director, GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical Center, 3912 Taubman Center, Box 0362, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; e-mail wchey@umich.edu

Dr. Chey has indicated that he is a consultant for and on the speaker’s bureau of the TAP Pharmaceutical Products corporation and has received research funding from the Jannsen corporation.

Wendy Armstrong, MD
Department of Infectious Disease, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Leonard Calabrese, DO
Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Alan J. Taege, MD
Department of Infectious Disease, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Alan J. Taege, MD, Department of Infectious Disease, S32, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Dr. Taege has indicated that he serves as a consultant for the Glaxo, BMS, Pfizer, and Merck corporations, is on the speakers’ bureaus of the Glaxo, BMS, and Roche corporations, and is a major stock shareholder in the Amgen corporation.

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from Division of Medicine Grand Rounds presentations at The Cleveland Clinic. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Wendy Armstrong, MD
Department of Infectious Disease, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Leonard Calabrese, DO
Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Alan J. Taege, MD
Department of Infectious Disease, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Alan J. Taege, MD, Department of Infectious Disease, S32, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Dr. Taege has indicated that he serves as a consultant for the Glaxo, BMS, Pfizer, and Merck corporations, is on the speakers’ bureaus of the Glaxo, BMS, and Roche corporations, and is a major stock shareholder in the Amgen corporation.

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from Division of Medicine Grand Rounds presentations at The Cleveland Clinic. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

Wendy Armstrong, MD
Department of Infectious Disease, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Leonard Calabrese, DO
Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Alan J. Taege, MD
Department of Infectious Disease, The Cleveland Clinic

Address: Alan J. Taege, MD, Department of Infectious Disease, S32, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195

Dr. Taege has indicated that he serves as a consultant for the Glaxo, BMS, Pfizer, and Merck corporations, is on the speakers’ bureaus of the Glaxo, BMS, and Roche corporations, and is a major stock shareholder in the Amgen corporation.

Medical Grand Rounds articles are based on edited transcripts from Division of Medicine Grand Rounds presentations at The Cleveland Clinic. They are approved by the author but are not peer-reviewed.

James C. Pile, MD
Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

David L. Longworth, MD
Deputy Chairman, Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA

Address: James C. Pile, MD, Section of Hospital Medicine, E13, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail pilej@ccf.org

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

James C. Pile, MD
Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

David L. Longworth, MD
Deputy Chairman, Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA

Address: James C. Pile, MD, Section of Hospital Medicine, E13, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail pilej@ccf.org

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

James C. Pile, MD
Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of General Internal Medicine, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation

David L. Longworth, MD
Deputy Chairman, Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA

Address: James C. Pile, MD, Section of Hospital Medicine, E13, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195; e-mail pilej@ccf.org

This paper discusses therapies that are experimental or are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the use under discussion.

Samuel Siu, MD
Staff Cardiologist, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults; Director of Echocardiography, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospitals; Associate Professor (Medicine), University of Toronto, Canada

Jack M. Colman, MD
Staff Cardiologist, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospitals; Staff Cardiologist, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults; Associate Professor (Medicine), University of Toronto, Canada

Address: Samuel Siu, MD, PMCC 3-526, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4; e-mail sam.siu@uhn.on.ca

Acknowledgment: The authors’ work is supported in part by an operating grant from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.

Samuel Siu, MD
Staff Cardiologist, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults; Director of Echocardiography, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospitals; Associate Professor (Medicine), University of Toronto, Canada

Jack M. Colman, MD
Staff Cardiologist, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospitals; Staff Cardiologist, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults; Associate Professor (Medicine), University of Toronto, Canada

Address: Samuel Siu, MD, PMCC 3-526, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4; e-mail sam.siu@uhn.on.ca

Acknowledgment: The authors’ work is supported in part by an operating grant from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.

Samuel Siu, MD
Staff Cardiologist, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults; Director of Echocardiography, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospitals; Associate Professor (Medicine), University of Toronto, Canada

Jack M. Colman, MD
Staff Cardiologist, University Health Network and Mount Sinai Hospitals; Staff Cardiologist, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults; Associate Professor (Medicine), University of Toronto, Canada

Address: Samuel Siu, MD, PMCC 3-526, Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4; e-mail sam.siu@uhn.on.ca

Acknowledgment: The authors’ work is supported in part by an operating grant from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research.